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cold plug

  • 1 hladna svećica

    • cold plug
    • cold spark plug
    • hard plug

    Српски-Енглески Технички речник > hladna svećica

  • 2 svećica sa nižom toplotnom vrednošću

    • cold spark plug
    • cold plug
    • hard plug

    Српски-Енглески Технички речник > svećica sa nižom toplotnom vrednošću

  • 3 hladna svećica

    • cold plug; cold spark plug

    Serbian-English dictionary > hladna svećica

  • 4 svećica sa nižom toplotnom vrednošću

    • cold plug; cold spark plug

    Serbian-English dictionary > svećica sa nižom toplotnom vrednošću

  • 5 холодная свеча зажигания

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > холодная свеча зажигания

  • 6 холодная свеча зажигания

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > холодная свеча зажигания

  • 7 холодная свеча зажигания

    cold spark plug, hard spark plug

    Русско-английский автомобильный словарь > холодная свеча зажигания

  • 8 soğuk buji

    cold spark plug

    Turkish-English dictionary > soğuk buji

  • 9 świeca zapłonowa zimna

    • cold-running sparking plug

    Słownik polsko-angielski dla inżynierów > świeca zapłonowa zimna

  • 10 стану холодного редуцирования труб

    Русско-английский новый политехнический словарь > стану холодного редуцирования труб

  • 11 kalte Zündkerze

    f <kfz.el> (kurzer Isolatorfuß) ■ cold spark plug; cold running spark plug; cold type spark plug; hard spark plug

    German-english technical dictionary > kalte Zündkerze

  • 12 taco

    m.
    1 plug (tarugo).
    2 wedge (cuña).
    3 swearword (informal) (palabrota). (peninsular Spanish)
    decir tacos to swear
    4 mess, muddle (informal) (confusión). (peninsular Spanish)
    armarse un taco (con algo) to get into a muddle (over something)
    5 cue.
    6 wad.
    7 cube.
    8 taco (cooking).
    9 heel. (Andean Spanish (Bolivia, Chilean Spanish, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru), River Plate)
    tacos altos high heels
    10 shoe heel.
    11 four-letter word.
    12 sprag.
    13 dowel.
    pres.indicat.
    1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: tacar.
    * * *
    1 (tarugo) plug, stopper
    2 (para pared) plug, Rawlplug
    3 (bloc de notas) notepad, writing pad; (calendario) tear-off calendar
    6 COCINA (de queso etc) cube, piece; (en Méjico) taco, rolled-up tortilla
    7 familiar (lío) mess, muddle
    8 familiar (palabrota) swearword
    9 familiar (años) year's old
    10 argot (drogas) lump of hash
    \
    armarse un taco / hacerse un taco to get all mixed up
    soltar un taco / soltar tacos to swear
    * * *
    noun m.
    1) plug, stopper
    2) pad
    3) cue
    * * *
    SM
    1) (=pieza) [para tornillo] Rawlplug ®; (=tapón) plug, stopper; [de bota de fútbol] stud; [para fusil] wad, wadding; (=tarugo) wooden peg

    taco de salida — (Dep) starting block

    2) (Billar) cue
    3) [de papeles] [para escribir] pad; [de billetes, cupones] book; [de cheque] stub; (=calendario) desk calendar
    4) [de jamón, queso] cube
    5) Esp * (=palabrota) rude word, swearword
    6) Esp ** (=lío) mess

    armarse o hacerse un taco — to get into a mess, get mixed o muddled up

    7) ** (=año) year

    cumple cinco tacos[en la cárcel] he's doing five years' bird **

    8) (Mil) ( Hist) ramrod
    9) LAm (=tacón) heel
    10) Méx (Culin) taco, filled rolled tortilla; (=bocado) * snack, bite
    11) Chile (=trago) swig of wine *
    12) Cono Sur, Méx (=obstáculo) obstruction, blockage; Chile * (=atasco) traffic jam
    13) [aplicado a personas] Cono Sur (=chaparro) short stocky person; And * (=personaje) big shot *; CAm, Caribe, Méx fop, dandy
    14) CAm, Caribe (=preocupación) worry, anxiety; (=miedo) fear
    * * *
    1)
    a) ( de madera) plug

    a todo taco — (Col fam) ( a todo lujo) in the lap of luxury; ( a todo volumen) on full blast

    b) ( de billetes) book; ( de folletos) wad
    2)
    a) ( en billar) cue
    b) (Col) ( de golf) tee
    3)
    a) (Dep) ( de botas) cleat (AmE), stud (BrE)
    b) (CS, Per) ( tacón) heel

    zapatos de taco alto/bajo or chato — high-heeled/low-heeled o flat shoes

    4)
    a) (Coc) taco

    hacerse taco — (Méx) to wrap (oneself) up

    hacer taco a alguien — (Méx) to wrap somebody up

    b) (Méx) ( comida ligera) snack, bite to eat (colloq)

    darse taco — (Méx fam)

    echarse un taco de ojo — (Méx fam) to ogle the men/women (colloq), to eye up the talent (BrE colloq)

    5) (Esp fam) ( palabrota) swearword
    6) (Esp fam)
    a) ( confusión) mess (colloq)
    b) ( alboroto) racket (colloq)
    7) (Chi) ( embotellamiento) traffic jam; (en conducto, canal) blockage
    * * *
    1)
    a) ( de madera) plug

    a todo taco — (Col fam) ( a todo lujo) in the lap of luxury; ( a todo volumen) on full blast

    b) ( de billetes) book; ( de folletos) wad
    2)
    a) ( en billar) cue
    b) (Col) ( de golf) tee
    3)
    a) (Dep) ( de botas) cleat (AmE), stud (BrE)
    b) (CS, Per) ( tacón) heel

    zapatos de taco alto/bajo or chato — high-heeled/low-heeled o flat shoes

    4)
    a) (Coc) taco

    hacerse taco — (Méx) to wrap (oneself) up

    hacer taco a alguien — (Méx) to wrap somebody up

    b) (Méx) ( comida ligera) snack, bite to eat (colloq)

    darse taco — (Méx fam)

    echarse un taco de ojo — (Méx fam) to ogle the men/women (colloq), to eye up the talent (BrE colloq)

    5) (Esp fam) ( palabrota) swearword
    6) (Esp fam)
    a) ( confusión) mess (colloq)
    b) ( alboroto) racket (colloq)
    7) (Chi) ( embotellamiento) traffic jam; (en conducto, canal) blockage
    * * *
    taco1
    1 = wadge.

    Ex: By meeting authors cold print takes on a human voice; wadges of paper covered with words turn into treasure troves full of interest.

    taco2
    2 = cleat.

    Ex: Players commonly bring their sports shoes with cleats or spikes, along with a pair of walking shoes to wear normally.

    * cortado en tacos = diced.
    * tacos de salida = starting blocks.

    taco3

    Ex: Other concerns involve disturbing portrayals of the supernatural, often with negative religious overtones, and the use of mild profanity or other expletives.

    * * *
    A
    1 (de madera) plug; (para un tornillo) Rawl® ( AmE), Rawlplug® ( BrE)
    a todo taco ( Col fam): viven a todo taco they live in the lap of luxury
    fue una fiesta a todo taco it was a tremendous party ( colloq)
    pone la música a todo taco she puts the music on full blast
    3 ( Esp) (de queso, jamón) cube
    Compuesto:
    starting block
    B
    2 ( Col) (de golf) tee
    C
    1 ( Dep) (de las botas) cleat ( AmE), stud ( BrE)
    pararle los tacos a algn ( Méx); to give sb a good talking to ( colloq)
    2 (CS, Per) (tacón) heel
    zapatos de taco bajo or chato low-heeled o flat shoes
    de taco alto high-heeled
    no me/le llevó ni en los tacos ( Chi fam); she didn't take the slightest notice o ( BrE) a blind bit of notice of me/him ( colloq)
    Compuestos:
    taco aguja or alfiler
    (CS) spike heel, stiletto (heel) ( BrE)
    ( Arg) wedge heel
    ( Chi) wedge heel
    D
    1 ( Coc) taco
    hacerse taco ( Méx); to wrap (oneself) up
    hacer taco a algn ( Méx); to wrap sb up
    hicieron taco al bebé con una cobija they wrapped o bundled the baby up in a blanket
    2 ( Méx) (comida ligera) snack, bite to eat ( colloq)
    darse taco ( Méx fam): se da mucho taco he really thinks he's it ( colloq), he really fancies himself ( BrE colloq)
    echarse un taco de ojo ( Méx fam); to ogle o eye up the girls ( colloq)
    Compuesto:
    ( Méx) kebab ( in a pitta bread), doner kebab ( BrE)
    E ( Esp fam) (palabrota) swearword
    soltó un taco she swore
    F ( Esp fam)
    2 (alboroto) racket ( colloq), ruckus ( AmE colloq)
    G ( Esp fam) (año) year
    ya tiene 40 tacos he's already 40, he's already passed the 40 mark o reached the big four-oh ( colloq)
    le cayeron 15 tacos he got 15 years ( colloq)
    I ( Chi)
    1 (embotellamiento) traffic jam
    2 (en un conducto, canal) blockage
    J ( Chi fam) (de bebida) gulp
    * * *

     

    taco sustantivo masculino
    1

    ( para tornillo) Rawl® (AmE), Rawplug® (BrE)

    ( de folletos) wad;
    (de queso, jamón) (Esp) cube
    2

    b) (Col) ( de golf) tee

    3
    a) ( de botas de deporte) cleat (AmE), stud (BrE)

    b) (CS, Per) ( tacón) heel;

    zapatos de taco alto/bajo high-heeled/low-heeled o flat shoes

    4
    a) (Coc) taco

    b) (Méx) ( comida ligera) snack, bite to eat (colloq)

    5 (Esp fam) ( palabrota) swearword;

    6 (Chi) ( embotellamiento) traffic jam
    taco sustantivo masculino
    1 (de billetes, papeles) wad
    (de entradas) book
    2 Dep (de bota) stud, US cleat
    3 (de billar) cue
    4 (de tortilla, jamón, etc) cube
    5 LAm (comida mejicana) taco
    6 fam (jaleo, follón) hubbub, racket
    7 familiar (palabra malsonante) swearword
    8 familiar tacos, (años) tiene veinte tacos, he's twenty (years old)
    ♦ Locuciones: hacerse o armarse un taco, to get into a mess
    ' taco' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    montón
    - calendario
    English:
    book
    - cue
    - curse
    - starting block
    - stud
    - block
    - heel
    - high
    - stiletto
    - swear
    * * *
    taco nm
    1. [tarugo] plug;
    [para tornillo] = tubular plug for fixing screws, Br Rawlplug®; [en calzado deportivo] stud
    2. [cuña] wedge
    tacos de salida [en atletismo] starting block
    3. [montón] [de billetes de banco] wad;
    [de billetes de autobús, metro] book; [de hojas] pile, stack
    4. [de billar] cue
    5. Esp [de jamón, queso] cube;
    jamón/queso (cortado) en tacos diced ham/cheese
    6. Esp Fam [palabrota] swearword;
    decir tacos to swear
    7. Esp Fam [confusión] mess, muddle;
    armarse un taco (con algo) to get into a muddle (over sth);
    armar el taco [triunfar] to bring the house down
    8. Esp Fam
    tiene veinte tacos he's twenty
    9. Esp Fam
    un taco de [mucho] loads of;
    tiene un taco de dinero she's got loads of money, she's loaded
    10. [tortilla de maíz] taco;
    Méx Fam
    a mí, mis tacos I mind my own business;
    Méx Fam
    darse taco to show off;
    Méx Fam
    echarse un taco de ojo to get an eyeful;
    Méx Fam
    hacerse taco to wrap up (warm);
    Méx Fam
    hacer taco a alguien to wrap sb up;
    Méx Fam
    11. Méx [bocado] snack
    12. Andes, RP [tacón] heel;
    zapatos de taco alto high heels, high-heeled shoes;
    zapatos de taco bajo low-heeled shoes
    taco aguja stiletto heel;
    taco chino wedge heel;
    taco corrido wedge heel;
    taco tanque wedge heel
    13. Chile [obstrucción] obstruction, blockage
    14. Chile [embotellamiento] traffic jam
    * * *
    m
    1 fam ( palabrota) swearword;
    decir un taco swear, utter an oath
    2 L.Am.
    de zapato heel
    3 GASTR taco (filled tortilla)
    4 DEP stud
    5
    :
    armar un taco fam cause trouble
    * * *
    taco nm
    1) : wad, stopper, plug
    2) : pad (of paper)
    3) : cleat
    4) : heel (of a shoe)
    5) : cue (in billiards)
    6) : light snack, bite
    7) : taco
    * * *
    taco n
    1. (trozo de queso, jamón, etc) cube / piece
    ¿te apetecen unos tacos de jamón? do you fancy some pieces of ham?
    2. (de botas) stud
    3. (cuña) wedge
    4. (palabrota) swearword

    Spanish-English dictionary > taco

  • 13 tapar

    v.
    1 to close (the lid of) (cerrar) (ataúd, cofre).
    2 to cover.
    quítate, que me tapas la tele could you move out of the way? — I can't see the TV with you in the way
    María tapa la comida Mary covers the food.
    3 to cover up.
    lo tapó con una manta she put a blanket over him to keep him warm
    4 to cover up.
    5 to block. ( Latin American Spanish)
    Las hojas taparon el caño The leaves clogged the gutter.
    6 to conceal, to disguise.
    María tapa la verdad Mary conceals the truth.
    7 to block up, to block, to bung up.
    El medicamento tapó mi nariz The medicine blocked up my nose.
    8 to hide.
    * * *
    1 (cubrir) to cover; (con tapa) to put the lid on, put the top on
    2 (con ropas etc) to wrap up
    3 (obstruir) to obstruct; (tubería) to block
    4 (ocultar) to hide; (a la vista) to block
    5 figurado (encubrir) to cover up
    1 (abrigarse) to wrap up
    2 (la nariz) to be blocked up
    \
    taparse los oídos to put one's fingers in one's ears
    * * *
    verb
    3) hide, keep secret
    * * *
    1. VT
    1) (=cubrir) [gen] to cover; [más deliberada o completamente] to cover up
    2) (=cerrar) [con tapadera] [+ olla, tarro] to put the lid on; [+ botella] [gen] to put the top on; [con corcho] to put the cork in
    3) [+ tubo, túnel, agujero, ranura] (=obstruir) block up; (=rellenar) to fill, fill in
    4) (=abrigar) [con ropa] to wrap up; [en la cama] to cover up

    tapa bien al niño, que no se enfríe — wrap the child (up) well so that he doesn't catch cold

    5) (=ocultar) [+ objeto] to hide; [+ vista] to block; [+ hecho, escándalo] to cover up

    la madre le tapa las travesuras — when he does something naughty, his mother always covers up for him

    6) Chile, Méx, And [+ diente] to fill
    7) LAm [+ cañería, excusado] to block
    8) And (=aplastar) to crush, flatten; (=chafar) to crumple, rumple
    9) And (=insultar) to abuse, insult
    2.
    See:
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    1) ( cubrir) < caja> to put the lid on; <botella/frasco> to put the top on; < olla> to cover, put the lid on
    2)
    a) <agujero/hueco> to fill in; <puerta/ventana> to block up
    b) (Andes, Méx) < muela> to fill
    c) <defecto/error> to cover up
    3)
    a) <vista/luz> to block
    b) <salida/entrada> to block; <excusado/cañería> (AmL) to block
    2.
    tapar vi (Per) (Dep) to keep goal, play in goal
    3.
    taparse v pron
    1) (refl) ( cubrirse) to cover oneself up
    2)
    a) oídos/nariz (+ me/te/le etc) to get o become blocked
    b) (AmL) cañería/excusado to get blocked
    * * *
    = whitewash, cover up, screen, blot out, pug.
    Ex. A number of volumes whitewashing this fascist wartime state were published in 2001.
    Ex. The grating was used to cover up dryer and toilet vents on the side of the building.
    Ex. During the war, all of the light fittings on the bridge were screened as a blackout measure.
    Ex. Las Vegas was once notorious for loose morals, fast living and financial transactions murky enough to blot out the desert sun.
    Ex. He fixed the leaky faucet by pugging it with a cork, hammering it in with a mallet, wrapping it up with electrical tape, and leaving it to increase in water pressure until the pipe exploded.
    ----
    * tapar grietas = caulk + cracks, chink.
    * tapar rendijas = caulk + cracks, chink.
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    1) ( cubrir) < caja> to put the lid on; <botella/frasco> to put the top on; < olla> to cover, put the lid on
    2)
    a) <agujero/hueco> to fill in; <puerta/ventana> to block up
    b) (Andes, Méx) < muela> to fill
    c) <defecto/error> to cover up
    3)
    a) <vista/luz> to block
    b) <salida/entrada> to block; <excusado/cañería> (AmL) to block
    2.
    tapar vi (Per) (Dep) to keep goal, play in goal
    3.
    taparse v pron
    1) (refl) ( cubrirse) to cover oneself up
    2)
    a) oídos/nariz (+ me/te/le etc) to get o become blocked
    b) (AmL) cañería/excusado to get blocked
    * * *
    = whitewash, cover up, screen, blot out, pug.

    Ex: A number of volumes whitewashing this fascist wartime state were published in 2001.

    Ex: The grating was used to cover up dryer and toilet vents on the side of the building.
    Ex: During the war, all of the light fittings on the bridge were screened as a blackout measure.
    Ex: Las Vegas was once notorious for loose morals, fast living and financial transactions murky enough to blot out the desert sun.
    Ex: He fixed the leaky faucet by pugging it with a cork, hammering it in with a mallet, wrapping it up with electrical tape, and leaving it to increase in water pressure until the pipe exploded.
    * tapar grietas = caulk + cracks, chink.
    * tapar rendijas = caulk + cracks, chink.

    * * *
    tapar [A1 ]
    vt
    A (cubrir) ‹caja› to put the lid on; ‹botella/frasco› to put the top on; ‹olla› to cover, put the lid on
    tapé bien el agua I put the top tightly on the water (bottle)
    tapó los muebles con unas sábanas viejas she covered the furniture with some old sheets
    cuélgalo ahí y así tapa la mancha hang it there, that way it'll cover (up) the stain
    le tapó la boca para que no gritara he put his hand over her mouth so that she wouldn't scream
    la bufanda le tapaba parte de la cara the scarf covered o hid part of his face
    B
    1 ‹agujero/hueco› to fill in; ‹puerta/ventana› to block up
    2 (Andes, Méx) ‹muela› to fill
    me taparon dos muelas I had two fillings
    tengo todas las muelas tapadas all my teeth are filled
    3 ‹defecto/error/crimen› to cover up
    el maquillaje le tapa la cicatriz the makeup hides the scar
    C
    1 ‹vista/luz› to block
    quítate, que me estás tapando get out of the way, you're blocking my view
    el edificio de enfrente nos tapa todo el sol the building opposite us completely blocks out the sun
    no me tapes la luz you're in my light
    2 ‹salida/entrada› to block
    3 ‹excusado/caño› ( AmL) to block
    ■ tapar
    vi
    ( Per) ( Dep) to keep goal, play in goal
    A ( refl)
    (cubrirse): se tapó la cara con las manos he covered his face with his hands
    tápate la garganta, que vas a coger frío put something around your neck; you'll catch cold
    se metió en la cama y se tapó bien he got into bed and covered himself up
    si sales, tápate bien que hace frío wrap up well o warm if you're going out, it's cold
    B
    1 «oídos/nariz» (+ me/te/le etc) to get o become blocked
    cada vez que viajo en avión se me tapan los oídos every time I fly, my ears get blocked
    tengo la nariz tapada my nose is blocked
    2 ( AmL) «caño/excusado» to get blocked
    * * *

     

    tapar ( conjugate tapar) verbo transitivo
    1 ( cubrir) ‹ caja to put the lid on;
    botella/frasco to put the top on;
    olla to cover, put the lid on;
    bebé/enfermo/cara to cover
    2
    a)agujero/hueco to fill in;

    puerta/ventana to block up
    b) (Andes, Méx) ‹ muela to fill;


    c)defecto/error to cover up

    3
    a)vista/luz to block

    b)salida/entrada to block;

    excusado/cañería› (AmL) to block
    taparse verbo pronominal
    1 ( refl) ( cubrirse) to cover oneself up;
    cara to cover
    2
    a) [oídos/nariz] to get o become blocked;


    b) (AmL) [cañería/excusado] to get blocked

    tapar verbo transitivo
    1 (cubrir) to cover
    (una botella) to put the top on
    (un frasco, una caja, etc) to put the lid on
    2 (un orificio) to plug, fill: tapó el agujero con cemento, he filled the hole with cement
    (obstruir) to block: una rama tapa la entrada del túnel, a branch blocks the tunnel mouth
    3 (abrigar, arropar) to wrap up
    (en la cama) to tuck in
    4 fam (interponerse) me estás tapando el sol, you're blocking out the sun
    5 fig (ocultar una falta) to cover up for sb
    ' tapar' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    abrigar
    - amordazar
    - tapiar
    - alcahuetear
    English:
    blot out
    - cap
    - close
    - cover
    - cover up
    - hush up
    - mask
    - obstruct
    - plug
    - screen
    - stop
    - stop up
    - black
    - blindfold
    - block
    - blot
    - fill
    - hide
    - stuff
    * * *
    vt
    1. [cerrar] [olla] to put the lid o top on, to cover;
    [caja] to put the lid o top on, to close; [ataúd, cofre, baúl] to close (the lid of); [frasco, botella] to put the top on
    2. [ocultar, cubrir] to cover;
    [no dejar ver] to block (out); [rellenar] to fill;
    tapó el monitor con una funda she put a cover on o over the monitor;
    colgaba cuadros para tapar las grietas he hung pictures to hide o cover the cracks;
    un velo le tapaba el rostro a veil covered o hid her face;
    la fábrica nos tapa la vista the factory blocks our view;
    apártate, que me tapas la tele move over, you're blocking the TV;
    tapó el agujero con yeso she filled the hole with plaster;
    un montón de cajas tapa la salida de emergencia a pile of boxes is blocking the emergency exit;
    me tapó los ojos [con las manos] he put his hands over my eyes;
    [con venda] he blindfolded me;
    tapar la boca a alguien to silence sb, to shut sb up;
    le han tapado la boca con amenazas they've silenced him with threats;
    con su brillante actuación tapó la boca a sus detractores with her brilliant performance she silenced her critics
    3. [abrigar] to cover up;
    [en la cama] to tuck in;
    lo tapó con una manta she covered him with a blanket, she put a blanket over him
    4. [encubrir] to cover up;
    trató de tapar sus errores he tried to cover up his mistakes
    5. Am [taponar] to block;
    no tires basura al wáter, que tapa los caños don't throw rubbish down the toilet, it blocks the pipes
    6. Chile [empastar] to fill
    * * *
    v/t cara cover; fig: nerviosismo cover up; recipiente put the lid on
    * * *
    tapar vt
    1) cubrir: to cover, to cover up
    2) obstruir: to block, to obstruct
    * * *
    tapar vb
    1. (cubrir) to cover
    2. (abrigar) to wrap up [pt. & pp. wrapped]
    tápate bien, hace frío wrap up well, it's cold
    3. (caja) to put the lid on [pt. & pp. put]
    4. (botella) to put the top on [pt. & pp. put]
    5. (agujero) to fill in
    6. (obstruir) to block

    Spanish-English dictionary > tapar

  • 14 attaccare

    1. v/t attach
    ( incollare) stick
    ( appendere) hang
    ( assalire) attack
    ( iniziare) begin, start
    2. v/i stick
    colloq attaccare a fare qualcosa start doing something
    * * *
    attaccare v.tr.
    1 ( unire) to attach, to fasten; ( legare) to tie (up): attaccale insieme, fasten (o tie) them together // egli è ancora attaccato alle gonnelle di sua madre, he is still tied to his mother's apron strings
    2 ( cucire) to sew* on // attaccare bottone a qlcu., (fig.) to buttonhole s.o.
    3 ( appiccicare) to stick*; ( con colla) to glue, to paste: attaccare un manifesto, to stick up a poster
    4 ( bestie da tiro) to harness: attaccò i cavalli alla carrozza, he harnessed the horses to the carriage
    5 ( appendere) to hang*: attaccò il quadro alla parete, he hung the picture on the wall // attaccare cartelli, manifesti pubblicitari, to placard
    6 ( assalire) to attack (anche fig.): l'opposizione ha attaccato il governo, the opposition attacked the government; attaccare le opinioni di qlcu., to attack s.o.'s opinions
    7 ( iniziare) to begin*, to start; (mus.) to strike* up: attaccare discorso con qlcu., to start talking to s.o.; attaccare lite, to start a quarrel (o to begin quarelling)
    8 ( malattia) to infect; to pass on to, to give*: attaccò il morbillo a sua sorella, he gave his sister (the) measles
    9 (chim.) to etch
    v. intr.
    1 ( aderire) to stick* (well), to adhere
    2 ( attecchire) to take* root; (fig.) to catch* on; to find* favour; to find* followers; to be successful: la rosa non ha attaccato, the rose hasn't taken root; i suoi scherzi non attaccano, his jokes don't work; questa moda attacca davvero, this fashion is really catching on // non attacca!, that won't wash.
    attaccarsi v.rifl. o intr.pron.
    1 ( appigliarsi) to cling* // attaccare a una scusa, to cling to an excuse // attaccati al tram!, (fam.) get on with it!
    2 ( affezionarsi) to become* fond of (s.o., sthg.); to become* attached to (s.o., sthg.)
    3 (fam.) ( di cibi) to stick* (on the bottom of the pan)
    v.rifl.rec. to attack each other (one another).
    * * *
    [attak'kare]
    1. vt
    1) (far aderire) to attach, (incollare: manifesto) to stick up, (francobollo) to stick (on), (cucire) to sew (on), (legare) to tie (up), (appendere: quadro) to hang (up)
    2) Mil, Sport, fig to attack
    3) (cominciare: discorso, lite) to start, begin
    4) (contagiare), (anche), fig to affect
    2. vi (aus avere)
    1) (incollare) to stick
    2)

    (aver successo) la nuova moda non attacca — the new fashion isn't catching on

    con me non attacca! — it doesn't work with me!, that won't work with me!

    3) (cominciare) to start, begin

    ha attaccato con una delle sue lamentele o a lamentarsi — he started whingeing

    1)

    attaccarsi (a) (appiccicarsi) to stick (to), (aggrapparsi: anche), fig to cling (to)

    3) (trasmettersi per contagio) to be contagious
    * * *
    [attak'kare] 1.
    verbo transitivo
    1) to attach; (affiggere) to put* up, to stick* (up) [manifesto, avviso, poster] (a on); (appendere) to hang* [ quadro] (a on)
    2) (incollare) to stick* [etichetta, francobollo] (a, su on); (con lo scotch) to (sello)tape; (incollare insieme) to stick* together [fogli, pezzi]
    3) (cucire) to sew*, to attach, to stitch [ bottone] (a on)
    4) (agganciare) to connect, to couple, to hitch [rimorchio, vagone]
    5) (riagganciare) to hang* up [ telefono]
    6) (legare) to harness, to hitch [ animale] (a to)
    7) (allacciare) to switch on, to turn on [ corrente]; to plug in [ elettrodomestico]
    8) (trasmettere) to give* [ malattia]

    attaccare il raffreddore a qcn. — to pass the cold on to sb

    9) (assalire) mil. to attack [truppa, paese]; (aggredire) to assail, to attack, to set* on [persona, animale]; [ cane] to turn* on [persona, animale]; (con colpi o rimproveri) to go* for
    10) (criticare) to attack, to bash [ministro, progetto]
    11) sport (nel calcio, rugby) to attack, to drive* forward
    12) (corrodere) [parassiti, ruggine] to eat* away at [ metallo]
    2.
    verbo intransitivo (aus. avere)
    1) (aderire) [ colla] to stick*
    2) (attecchire) to take* root
    3) mil. [esercito, truppe] to go* in
    4) colloq. (funzionare)
    5) (iniziare, esordire) to start off; mus. to strike* up

    attaccare concolloq. to strike up [canzone, argomento]

    3.
    verbo pronominale attaccarsi
    1) (appiccicarsi) [francobollo, busta] to stick*; [ fogli] to stick* together
    2) (rimanere attaccato) [sostanza, oggetto] to stick* (a to)
    3) (aggrapparsi, tenersi) to grasp hold (a of), to hold* on (a to)

    - rsi a un pretestofig. to cling to a pretext o an excuse

    -rsi a qcn. — to grow attached o to form an attachment to sb

    ••

    attaccare bottone con qcn. — to buttonhole sb.

    attaccar briga, lite (con qcn.) — to pick a fight, quarrel (with sb.)

    attaccare discorso (con qcn.) — to engage (sb.) in conversation, to strike up a conversation (with sb.)

    -rsi qcs. all'orecchio — not to forget sth.

    * * *
    attaccare
    /attak'kare/ [1]
     1 to attach; (affiggere) to put* up, to stick* (up) [manifesto, avviso, poster] (a on); (appendere) to hang* [ quadro] (a on)
     2 (incollare) to stick* [etichetta, francobollo] (a, su on); (con lo scotch) to (sello)tape; (incollare insieme) to stick* together [fogli, pezzi]
     3 (cucire) to sew*, to attach, to stitch [ bottone] (a on)
     4 (agganciare) to connect, to couple, to hitch [rimorchio, vagone]
     5 (riagganciare) to hang* up [ telefono]
     6 (legare) to harness, to hitch [ animale] (a to)
     7 (allacciare) to switch on, to turn on [ corrente]; to plug in [ elettrodomestico]
     8 (trasmettere) to give* [ malattia]; attaccare il raffreddore a qcn. to pass the cold on to sb.
     9 (assalire) mil. to attack [truppa, paese]; (aggredire) to assail, to attack, to set* on [persona, animale]; [ cane] to turn* on [persona, animale]; (con colpi o rimproveri) to go* for
     10 (criticare) to attack, to bash [ministro, progetto]
     11 sport (nel calcio, rugby) to attack, to drive* forward
     12 (corrodere) [parassiti, ruggine] to eat* away at [ metallo]
     (aus. avere)
     1 (aderire) [ colla] to stick*
     2 (attecchire) to take* root
     3 mil. [esercito, truppe] to go* in
     4 colloq. (funzionare) (con me) non attacca! that won't wash with me! it doesn't work (with me)!
     5 (iniziare, esordire) to start off; mus. to strike* up; attaccare con colloq. to strike up [canzone, argomento]
     6 colloq. (iniziare a lavorare) il prossimo turno attacca alle 10 the next shift comes on at 10
    III attaccarsi verbo pronominale
     1 (appiccicarsi) [francobollo, busta] to stick*; [ fogli] to stick* together
     2 (rimanere attaccato) [sostanza, oggetto] to stick* (a to); l'edera si attacca alle pietre ivy clings to stones
     3 (aggrapparsi, tenersi) to grasp hold (a of), to hold* on (a to); - rsi a un pretesto fig. to cling to a pretext o an excuse
     4 (affezionarsi) -rsi a qcn. to grow attached o to form an attachment to sb.
    attaccare bottone con qcn. to buttonhole sb.; attaccar briga, lite (con qcn.) to pick a fight, quarrel (with sb.); attaccare discorso (con qcn.) to engage (sb.) in conversation, to strike up a conversation (with sb.); -rsi qcs. all'orecchio not to forget sth.; - rsi al telefono to get on the phone; ti attacchi al tram (e fischi in curva)! you can whistle for it! dream on!

    Dizionario Italiano-Inglese > attaccare

  • 15 verstopfen

    I v/t (hat verstopft) block (up); (Rohr, Abfluss) auch clog up; (Straße) congest
    II v/i (ist) Rohr etc.: become blocked ( oder clogged up)
    * * *
    to jam; to congest; to block up; to clog up; to constipate; to engorge; to occlude; to plug up; to stop up; to choke up; to close up
    * * *
    ver|stọp|fen ptp versto\#pft
    vt
    to stop up; Ohren auch to plug; Ausguss auch to block (up); Straße to block, to jam; Blutgefäß to block
    * * *
    1) (to crowd full: The gateway was jammed with angry people.) jam
    2) (to block: This pipe was choked with dirt.) choke
    3) (to make or become blocked: The drain is clogged (up) with hair.) clog
    4) (to block (a hole) by putting a plug in it: He plugged the hole in the window with a piece of newspaper.) plug
    5) (to block or close: He stopped his ears with his hands when she started to shout at him.) stop
    6) (to block: Some rubbish got into the drain and stopped it up.) stop up
    7) (to block: He stuffed the hole up with some newspaper; I've got a cold and my nose is stuffed up.) stuff up
    * * *
    ver·stop·fen *
    I. vt
    etw [mit etw dat] \verstopfen to block up sep sth [with sth]
    sich dat die Ohren \verstopfen to stop up sep one's ears
    etw \verstopfen to block up sth
    Poren \verstopfen to clog pores
    II. vi Hilfsverb: sein to get [or become] blocked [up]
    * * *
    1.
    transitives Verb block
    2.
    intransitives Verb; mit sein become blocked
    * * *
    A. v/t (hat verstopft) block (up); (Rohr, Abfluss) auch clog up; (Straße) congest
    B. v/i (ist) Rohr etc: become blocked ( oder clogged up)
    * * *
    1.
    transitives Verb block
    2.
    intransitives Verb; mit sein become blocked
    * * *
    v.
    to block v.
    to bung (up) v.
    to constipate v.
    to occlude v.
    to ram up v.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > verstopfen

  • 16 cerrar

    v.
    María cerró la puerta Mary closed the door.
    2 to close (negocio, colegio) (a diario).
    el gobierno cerrará dos centrales nucleares the government is to close down two nuclear power stations
    3 to close.
    4 to close the door (person).
    ¡cierra, que entra frío! close the door, you're letting the cold in!
    5 to close (negocio, colegio) (a diario).
    ¿a qué hora cierra? what time do you close?
    6 to turn off (grifo, llave de gas).
    Ricardo cerró el agua Richard turned off the water.
    7 to fill, to block (up) (agujero, hueco).
    8 to block (carretera, calle).
    la policía cerró la calle the police closed off the street
    cerrar el paso a alguien to block somebody's way
    9 to close.
    la orquesta cerraba el desfile the orchestra closed the procession
    10 to fence (off), to enclose.
    11 to heal, to close up.
    12 to close down, to close, to lock up, to shut.
    Ellos cierran de noche They close at night.
    13 to block off, to blank off.
    Los huelguistas bloquearon el edificio The strikers blanked off the building
    14 to balance out, to match correctly, to check out correctly, to close.
    Mi contador cierra mis cuentas My accountant balances out my accounts.
    * * *
    Conjugation model [ ACERTAR], like link=acertar acertar
    1 to close, shut
    2 (grifo, gas) to turn off; (luz) to turn off, switch off
    3 (cuenta) to close
    4 (cremallera) to zip (up)
    5 (un negocio) to close; (- definitivamente) to close down
    6 (carta) to seal
    7 (discusión) to end, finish
    8 (compra) to close, conclude
    9 (agujero) to plug; (grieta) to fill
    10 (paraguas) to close, shut, put down
    11 (los puños) to clench, close
    12 (frontera, puerto) to close; (camino) to block
    13 (en dominó) to block
    1 to close, shut
    2 (punto) to cast off
    3 (una herida) to close up, heal
    1 to close, shut
    2 (una herida) to close up, heal
    3 AUTOMÓVIL (meterse) to cut in
    4 METEREOLOGÍA to cloud over
    5 figurado (obstinarse) to dig one's heel in, stand fast; (ponerse en actitud intransigente) to close one's mind (a, to)
    \
    cerrar con siete llaves figurado to lock and double-lock
    cerrar el paso a alguien to block somebody's way, bar somebody's way
    cerrar el pico familiar to shut one's trap
    cerrar la boca to shut up
    cerrar la puerta en las narices figurado to shut the door in somebody's face
    cerrar las filas figurado to close ranks
    cerrarse de golpe to slam shut
    * * *
    verb
    1) to close, shut
    2) lock
    4) seal
    * * *
    1. VT
    1) [hablando de un objeto abierto] [+ puerta, ventana, boca] to close, shut; [+ cremallera] to do up; [+ camisa] to button, do up; [+ cortina] to draw; [+ paraguas, válvula] to close; [+ carta] to seal; [+ costura, herida] to sew up

    no puedo cerrar esta maletaI can't close o shut this suitcase

    cierra los ojosclose o shut your eyes

    cerró el libro de golpeshe banged o slammed the book shut

    cerré la puerta con llaveI locked the door

    cierra el pico* shut your trap **

    cerrar el puñoto clench one's fist

    fila 3), b)
    2) (=desconectar) [+ gas, grifo, radiador] to turn off
    3) (=bloquear) [+ agujero, brecha, tubo] to block (up); [+ frontera, puerto] to close

    cerrar el paso a algn — to block sb's way

    trató de entrar, pero le cerraron el paso — he tried to get in, but they blocked o barred his way

    4) [+ tienda, negocio] [al final de la jornada] to close, shut; [para siempre] to close, close down
    5) [+ jardín, terreno] [con cerca] to fence in; [con muro] to wall in
    6) (=poner fin a)
    a) [+ debate, narración, programa] to close, end

    cerrar el sistema — (Inform) to shut down the system

    b) [+ desfile] to bring up the rear of
    7)

    cerrar un tratoto seal a deal

    2. VI
    1) [hablando de un objeto abierto] [puerta, ventana] to close, shut; [bragueta] to do up; [paraguas, válvula] to close; [herida] to close up
    2) [persona]

    cierra, que se va a escapar el gato — close o shut the door or the cat will get out

    3) [tienda, negocio] to close, shut

    ¿a qué hora cierran las tiendas el sábado? — what time do the shops close o shut on Saturday?

    4) (Econ) [en la Bolsa] to close
    5) [en dominó] to block; [en Scrabble] to use one's tiles up

    ¡cierro! — I'm out!

    6) (=atacar)

    cerrar con o contra algn — to grapple with sb

    3.
    See:
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    1)
    a) <puerta/ventana> to close, shut; <ojos/boca> to shut, close
    b) < botella> to put the top on/cork in; < frasco> to put the lid on
    c) <paraguas/abanico/mano> to close; < libro> to close, shut; < puño> to clench
    d) < cortinas> to close, draw; < persianas> to lower, pull down; < abrigo> to fasten, button up; < cremallera> to do up
    2) <grifo/agua/gas> to turn off; < válvula> to close, shut off
    3)
    a) <fábrica/comercio/oficina> (en el quehacer diario, por obras, vacaciones) to close; ( definitivamente) to close (down)
    b) <aeropuerto/carretera/frontera> to close
    4) < cuenta bancaria> to close; <caso/juicio> to close; <acuerdo/negociación> to finalize
    5)
    a) <acto/debate> to bring... to an end; < jornada> to end
    b) <desfile/cortejo> to bring up the rear of
    c) < circuito> to close
    d) <paréntesis/comillas> to close
    2.
    cerrar vi
    1) (hablando de puerta, ventana)

    cierra, que hace frío — close o shut the door (o window etc), it's cold

    ¿cerraste con llave? — did you lock up?

    2) puerta/ventana/cajón to close, shut; grifo/llave de paso to turn off; abrigo/vestido to fasten, do up (BrE)
    3) comercio/oficina (en el quehacer diario, por obras, vacaciones) to close, shut; ( definitivamente) to close (down)
    4) (Fin) dolar/peso to close
    5) ( en dominó) to block; ( en naipes) to go out
    3.
    cerrarse v pron
    1)
    a) puerta/ventana (+ compl) to shut, close

    la puerta se cerró sola/de golpe — the door closed by itself/slammed shut

    b) ojos (+ me/te/le etc) to close
    c) flor/almeja to close up
    d) herida to heal (up)
    2) (refl) < abrigo> to fasten, button up
    3) ( terminar) acto/debate/libro to end, conclude; jornada/año to end
    4) (mostrarse reacio, intransigente)

    se cerró en su actitudhe dug his heels in

    cerrarse a algo: sería cerrarse a la evidencia it would be turning our back on the evidence; se cierran a todo cambio — they're not open to change

    * * *
    = close, close down, seal off, shut down, shut off, zip, fold, fold up + shop.
    Ex. The date due calculated by the circulation programs is always checked against the list of dates the library is closed to ensure that a document is not due when it cannot be returned.
    Ex. In this case, however, summer vacation resulted in universities and other institutions closing down completely right in the middle of her stay.
    Ex. In the case of vast and rapidly growing copyright libraries where the stock is sealed off from the public, specific classification is not worth the effort.
    Ex. Cyberattacks involve routers acting at a predesignated time or trigger time and flooding various targeted Web sites with data -- effectively shutting down the Web site.
    Ex. Advanced design sprinklers shut off water when the fire is out, reducing the risk of water damage.
    Ex. The study investigated the use of a video to teach 3 self-help skills (cleaning sunglasses, putting on a wristwatch, and zipping a jacket) to 3 elementary students with mental disabilities.
    Ex. By the mid-eighties, two of the big companies folded, but were replaced by a handful of small, independent firms = A mediados de los ochenta, dos de las grandes compañías quebraron, pero fueron sustituidas por un puñado de pequeñas empresas independientes.
    Ex. Why talented and passionate business people so often fold up shop while their less talented, less skilled brethren continue to thrive.
    ----
    * cerrar con candado = padlock.
    * cerrar con cierre metálico = shutter.
    * cerrar con llave = lock.
    * cerrar con tablas = board up.
    * cerrar definitivamente = close down + operations, close + Posesivo + doors.
    * cerrar de golpe = slam.
    * cerrar de un portazo = slam.
    * cerrar el catálogo = close + the catalogue.
    * cerrar el negocio = fold up + shop.
    * cerrar filas = close + ranks.
    * cerrar herméticamente = seal.
    * cerrar las escotillas = batten down + hatches.
    * cerrar los postigos = shutter.
    * cerrar muy bien = close + tight.
    * cerrar un acuerdo = conclude + agreement, conclude + deal.
    * cerrar una ventana = switch off + window.
    * cerrar un negocio = go out of + business.
    * cerrar un trato = close + deal.
    * ¡cierra el pico! = put a sock in it!.
    * ¡cierra el pico! = shut your mouth!, shut your face!.
    * ¡cierra la boca! = shut your mouth!, shut your face!.
    * en una abrir y cerrar de ojos = at the flick of a switch, at the drop of a hat.
    * en un abrir y cerrar de ojos = in a jiffy, in the time it takes to flick a switch, with the flick of a switch, in a flash, in no time at all, in next to no time, with the tip of a hat, in and out in a flash, in a heartbeat, as quick as a wink, in a trice.
    * en un abrir y cerrar de ojos = in the blink of an eye, in the twinkling of an eye, in a snap.
    * forzar a cerrar un Negocio = drive out of + business.
    * obligar a cerrar el negocio = force out of + business, force out of + the marketplace.
    * paréntesis que cierra = right parenthesis.
    * que no cierra bien = leaky [leakier -comp., leakiest -sup], leaking.
    * que puede volver a cerrarse herméticamente = resealable.
    * que se cierra automáticamente mediante un muelle = spring-loaded.
    * sin cerrar con llave = unlocked.
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    1)
    a) <puerta/ventana> to close, shut; <ojos/boca> to shut, close
    b) < botella> to put the top on/cork in; < frasco> to put the lid on
    c) <paraguas/abanico/mano> to close; < libro> to close, shut; < puño> to clench
    d) < cortinas> to close, draw; < persianas> to lower, pull down; < abrigo> to fasten, button up; < cremallera> to do up
    2) <grifo/agua/gas> to turn off; < válvula> to close, shut off
    3)
    a) <fábrica/comercio/oficina> (en el quehacer diario, por obras, vacaciones) to close; ( definitivamente) to close (down)
    b) <aeropuerto/carretera/frontera> to close
    4) < cuenta bancaria> to close; <caso/juicio> to close; <acuerdo/negociación> to finalize
    5)
    a) <acto/debate> to bring... to an end; < jornada> to end
    b) <desfile/cortejo> to bring up the rear of
    c) < circuito> to close
    d) <paréntesis/comillas> to close
    2.
    cerrar vi
    1) (hablando de puerta, ventana)

    cierra, que hace frío — close o shut the door (o window etc), it's cold

    ¿cerraste con llave? — did you lock up?

    2) puerta/ventana/cajón to close, shut; grifo/llave de paso to turn off; abrigo/vestido to fasten, do up (BrE)
    3) comercio/oficina (en el quehacer diario, por obras, vacaciones) to close, shut; ( definitivamente) to close (down)
    4) (Fin) dolar/peso to close
    5) ( en dominó) to block; ( en naipes) to go out
    3.
    cerrarse v pron
    1)
    a) puerta/ventana (+ compl) to shut, close

    la puerta se cerró sola/de golpe — the door closed by itself/slammed shut

    b) ojos (+ me/te/le etc) to close
    c) flor/almeja to close up
    d) herida to heal (up)
    2) (refl) < abrigo> to fasten, button up
    3) ( terminar) acto/debate/libro to end, conclude; jornada/año to end
    4) (mostrarse reacio, intransigente)

    se cerró en su actitudhe dug his heels in

    cerrarse a algo: sería cerrarse a la evidencia it would be turning our back on the evidence; se cierran a todo cambio — they're not open to change

    * * *
    = close, close down, seal off, shut down, shut off, zip, fold, fold up + shop.

    Ex: The date due calculated by the circulation programs is always checked against the list of dates the library is closed to ensure that a document is not due when it cannot be returned.

    Ex: In this case, however, summer vacation resulted in universities and other institutions closing down completely right in the middle of her stay.
    Ex: In the case of vast and rapidly growing copyright libraries where the stock is sealed off from the public, specific classification is not worth the effort.
    Ex: Cyberattacks involve routers acting at a predesignated time or trigger time and flooding various targeted Web sites with data -- effectively shutting down the Web site.
    Ex: Advanced design sprinklers shut off water when the fire is out, reducing the risk of water damage.
    Ex: The study investigated the use of a video to teach 3 self-help skills (cleaning sunglasses, putting on a wristwatch, and zipping a jacket) to 3 elementary students with mental disabilities.
    Ex: By the mid-eighties, two of the big companies folded, but were replaced by a handful of small, independent firms = A mediados de los ochenta, dos de las grandes compañías quebraron, pero fueron sustituidas por un puñado de pequeñas empresas independientes.
    Ex: Why talented and passionate business people so often fold up shop while their less talented, less skilled brethren continue to thrive.
    * cerrar con candado = padlock.
    * cerrar con cierre metálico = shutter.
    * cerrar con llave = lock.
    * cerrar con tablas = board up.
    * cerrar definitivamente = close down + operations, close + Posesivo + doors.
    * cerrar de golpe = slam.
    * cerrar de un portazo = slam.
    * cerrar el catálogo = close + the catalogue.
    * cerrar el negocio = fold up + shop.
    * cerrar filas = close + ranks.
    * cerrar herméticamente = seal.
    * cerrar las escotillas = batten down + hatches.
    * cerrar los postigos = shutter.
    * cerrar muy bien = close + tight.
    * cerrar un acuerdo = conclude + agreement, conclude + deal.
    * cerrar una ventana = switch off + window.
    * cerrar un negocio = go out of + business.
    * cerrar un trato = close + deal.
    * ¡cierra el pico! = put a sock in it!.
    * ¡cierra el pico! = shut your mouth!, shut your face!.
    * ¡cierra la boca! = shut your mouth!, shut your face!.
    * en una abrir y cerrar de ojos = at the flick of a switch, at the drop of a hat.
    * en un abrir y cerrar de ojos = in a jiffy, in the time it takes to flick a switch, with the flick of a switch, in a flash, in no time at all, in next to no time, with the tip of a hat, in and out in a flash, in a heartbeat, as quick as a wink, in a trice.
    * en un abrir y cerrar de ojos = in the blink of an eye, in the twinkling of an eye, in a snap.
    * forzar a cerrar un Negocio = drive out of + business.
    * obligar a cerrar el negocio = force out of + business, force out of + the marketplace.
    * paréntesis que cierra = right parenthesis.
    * que no cierra bien = leaky [leakier -comp., leakiest -sup], leaking.
    * que puede volver a cerrarse herméticamente = resealable.
    * que se cierra automáticamente mediante un muelle = spring-loaded.
    * sin cerrar con llave = unlocked.

    * * *
    cerrar [A5 ]
    vt
    A
    1 ‹armario/puerta/ventana› to close, shut
    cerró la puerta de un portazo she slammed the door
    2 ‹ojos/boca› to shut, close
    3 ‹maleta› to close; ‹sobre/paquete› to seal
    4 ‹botella› to put the top on/cork in; ‹frasco› to put the top ( o lid etc) on
    un frasco herméticamente cerrado an airtight container
    5 ‹paraguas› to close, put … down; ‹abanico› to close; ‹libro› to close, shut; ‹puño› to clench; ‹mano› to close
    6 ‹cortinas› to close, draw; ‹persianas› to lower, pull down; ‹abrigo› to fasten, button up, do up ( BrE)
    ciérrame la cremallera can you zip me up?, can you do my zip up? ( BrE)
    B ‹grifo› to turn off; ‹válvula› to close, shut off; ‹agua/gas› to turn off
    C
    1 ‹fábrica/comercio/oficina› (en el quehacer diario) to close, shut; (por obras, vacaciones) to close; (definitivamente) to close, close down
    2 ‹aeropuerto/carretera› to close; ‹frontera› to close
    la calle está cerrada al tráfico the street is closed to traffic
    3 ‹terreno› to fence off
    D
    1 (en labores de punto) to cast off; (en costura) to sew up
    2 ( fam) (al operar) to close … up
    E
    1 ‹plazo/matrícula›
    han cerrado el plazo de inscripción the enrollment period has closed o finished
    2 ‹cuenta bancaria› to close
    3 ‹caso/juicio› to close; ‹acuerdo/negociación› to finalize
    F
    1 (poner fin a) ‹acto/debate› to bring … to an end; ‹jornada› to end
    antes de cerrar nuestra programación de hoy … before ending today's programs …, before bringing today's programs to a close …
    los trágicos acontecimientos que han cerrado el año the tragic events with which the year has ended
    estas declaraciones cerraron una jornada tensa these statements ended o came at the end of a tense day
    2 ‹desfile/cortejo› to bring up the rear of
    3 ‹circunferencia› to close up; ‹circuito› to close
    4 ‹paréntesis/comillas› to close
    ■ cerrar
    vi
    A
    (hablando de una puerta, ventana): cierra, que hace frío close o shut the door ( o window etc), it's cold
    ¿cerraste con llave? did you lock the door?, did you lock up?
    B «puerta/ventana/cajón» to close, shut; «grifo/llave de paso» to turn off; «abrigo/vestido» to fasten, do up ( BrE)
    la puerta no cierra bien the door won't shut o close properly, the door doesn't shut o close properly
    esta botella no cierra bien I can't get the top back on this bottle properly, the top won't go on properly
    ¿la falda cierra por detrás o por el lado? does the skirt fasten at the back or at the side?
    C «comercio/oficina» (en el quehacer diario) to close, shut; (por obras, vacaciones) to close, shut; (definitivamente) to close, close down, shut down
    ¿a qué hora cierran? what time do you close?
    no cerramos al mediodía we are open o we stay open at lunchtime, we don't close for lunch
    [ S ] cerramos los lunes closed Mondays, we are closed on Mondays
    D (en labores de punto) to cast off
    E ( Fin) to close
    el dólar cerró a … the dollar closed at …
    F (en dominó) to block; (en naipes) to go out
    A
    1
    «puerta/ventana» (+ compl): la puerta se cerró de golpe/sola the door slammed shut/closed by itself
    2 «ojos» (+ me/te/le etc) to close
    se me cierran los ojos de cansancio I'm so tired I can't keep my eyes open
    3 «flor/almeja» to close up
    4 «herida» to heal, heal up, close up
    B ( refl) ‹abrigo› to fasten, button up, do up ( BrE)
    ciérrate la cremallera zip yourself up, zip up your dress ( o jacket etc), do your zip up ( BrE)
    C (terminar) «acto/debate» to end, conclude; «jornada» to end
    el libro se cierra con unas páginas dedicadas a … the book ends o closes o concludes with a few pages on the subject of …
    otro año que se cierra sin que se resuelva another year ends o comes to an end without a solution
    D
    (mostrarse reacio, intransigente): se cerró y no quiso saber nada más she closed her mind and refused to listen to any more about it
    se cerró en su actitud he dug his heels in
    cerrarse A algo:
    sería cerrarse a la evidencia negar que … we would be turning our back on the evidence if we were to deny that …
    se cerró a todo lo nuevo she refused to consider anything new, she closed her mind to anything new
    * * *

     

    cerrar ( conjugate cerrar) verbo transitivo
    1
    a)puerta/ventana to close, shut;

    ojos/boca to shut, close;

    b) botellato put the top on/cork in;

    frasco to put the lid on;
    sobre to seal
    c)paraguas/abanico/mano to close;

    libro to close, shut;
    puño to clench
    d) cortinas to close, draw;

    persianas to lower, pull down;
    abrigo to fasten, button up;
    cremallerato do … up
    e)grifo/agua/gas to turn off;

    válvula to close, shut off
    2
    a)fábrica/comercio/oficina› ( en el quehacer diario) to close;

    ( definitivamente) to close (down)
    b)aeropuerto/carretera/frontera to close

    3

    b)caso/juicio to close

    c)acuerdo/negociación to finalize

    d)acto/debateto bring … to an end

    verbo intransitivo
    1 (hablando de puerta, ventana):
    cierra, que hace frío close o shut the door (o window etc), it's cold;

    ¿cerraste con llave? did you lock up?
    2 [puerta/ventana/cajón] to close, shut
    3 [comercio/oficina] ( en el quehacer diario) to close, shut;
    ( definitivamente) to close (down)
    cerrarse verbo pronominal
    1
    a) [puerta/ventana] to shut, close;


    b) [ ojos] to close;


    c) [flor/almeja] to close up


    2 ( refl) ‹ abrigo to fasten, button up;
    cremallerato do … up
    3 [acto/debate/jornada] to end
    cerrar
    I verbo transitivo
    1 to shut, close
    (con llave) to lock
    (un grifo abierto) to turn off
    (el ordenador) to turn off, switch off
    (subir una cremallera) to do up
    (un sobre) to seal
    (los puños) to clench
    2 (un negocio temporalmente) to close
    (definitivamente) to close down
    3 (un trato, un acuerdo) to finalize
    (liquidar una cuenta bancaria) to close
    4 (un acceso, un servicio de transporte) to close
    (bloquear) cerrarle el paso a alguien, to block sb's way
    II verbo intransitivo
    1 to close, shut
    2 (un negocio temporalmente) to close
    (definitivamente) to close down
    ♦ Locuciones: familiar cerrar el pico, to shut one's trap
    ' cerrar' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    abrir
    - abrochar
    - cerrada
    - cerrado
    - cierre
    - ojo
    - pico
    - sellar
    - amabilidad
    - bondad
    - canilla
    - cierra
    - cierro
    - correr
    - cuenta
    - doble
    - grifo
    - junta
    - juntar
    - llave
    - paréntesis
    - trato
    English:
    attendant
    - bargain
    - barricade
    - block in
    - bolt
    - clinch
    - close
    - close down
    - closed
    - draw
    - enter into
    - fasten
    - fasten down
    - lock
    - lock up
    - padlock
    - push to
    - seal
    - seal off
    - seal up
    - secure
    - shut
    - shut down
    - shut up
    - slam
    - snap
    - stick together
    - strike
    - tight
    - to
    - trice
    - turn off
    - twinkling
    - wall in
    - whisk away
    - whisk off
    - wind up
    - zip up
    - board
    - business
    - cast
    - conclude
    - fold
    - main
    - time
    - turn
    - will
    - wind
    - wrap
    - zip
    * * *
    vt
    1. [en general] to close;
    [puerta, cajón, boca, tienda] to shut, to close; Informát [archivo] to close; [con llave] to lock; [grifo, llave de gas] to turn off; [botella] to put the top on; [tarro] to put the lid o top on; [carta, sobre] to seal; [cortinas] to draw, to close; [persianas] to pull down; [agujero, hueco] to fill, to block (up); [puños] to clench;
    cierra el gas cuando salgas turn the gas off when you leave;
    una corriente de aire cerró la puerta a draught blew the door shut;
    Fam
    ¡cierra el pico! shut your trap!
    2. [negocio, colegio] [a diario] to close;
    [permanentemente] to close down;
    el gobierno cerrará dos centrales nucleares the government is to close down two nuclear power stations
    3. [vallar] to fence (off), to enclose;
    cerraron el balcón para convertirlo en comedor they closed o walled off the balcony and converted it into a dining room
    4. [carretera, calle] to close off;
    también Fig
    cerrar el paso a alguien to block sb's way;
    una valla les cerraba la salida a fence blocked their way out
    5. [manifestación, desfile] to bring up the rear of;
    cerrar la marcha [ir en última posición] to bring up the rear;
    la orquesta cerraba el desfile the orchestra closed the procession
    6. [gestiones, acuerdo] to finalize;
    han cerrado un trato para… they've reached an agreement o made a deal to…;
    cerraron el trato ayer they wrapped up the deal yesterday;
    cerraron las conversaciones sin ningún acuerdo they ended the talks without reaching an agreement
    7. [cicatrizar] to heal, to close up
    8. Elec [circuito] to close
    9. [circunferencia, círculo] to complete;
    cerraron la carretera de circunvalación they completed the Br ring road o US beltway
    10. [signo ortográfico] to close;
    cerrar comillas/paréntesis to close inverted commas/brackets
    11. [posibilidades] to put an end to;
    el último atentado cierra cualquier esperanza de acuerdo the most recent attack puts an end to any hopes of an agreement
    12. [terminar] to close;
    el discurso del Presidente cerró el año legislativo the President's speech brought the parliamentary year to a close;
    esta corrida cierra la temporada taurina this bullfight rounds off the bullfighting season;
    cerró su participación en el torneo con una derrota they lost their last game in the tournament
    13. [plegar] to close up;
    cerró el paraguas he closed his umbrella
    14. Prensa
    el periódico cerró la edición más tarde de lo normal the newspaper went to press later than usual
    vi
    1. [en general] to close;
    [tienda] to close, to shut; [con llave, pestillo] to lock up;
    este cajón no cierra bien this drawer doesn't shut properly;
    la Bolsa cerró con pérdidas the stock market closed down several points;
    RP Fam
    ¡cerrá y vamos!: si no quieren ayudarnos, ¡cerrá y vamos! if they don't want to help us, let's not waste any more time over this
    2. [persona] to close the door;
    ¡cierra, que entra frío! close the door, you're letting the cold in!;
    me olvidé de cerrar con llave I forgot to lock the door
    3. [negocio, colegio] [a diario] to close;
    [definitivamente] to close down;
    ¿a qué hora cierra? what time do you close?;
    la biblioteca cierra a las ocho the library closes at eight;
    cerramos los domingos [en letrero] closed on Sundays
    4. [en juego de cartas] to go out;
    [en dominó] to block
    5. [herida] to close up, to heal
    * * *
    I v/t
    1 close; para siempre close down;
    cerrar al tráfico close to traffic
    2 tubería block
    3 grifo turn off
    4 terreno, finca enclose; frontera close
    5 acuerdo close
    II v/i close; para siempre close down;
    la puerta no cierra bien the door doesn’t shut properly;
    al cerrar el día at the end of the day
    * * *
    cerrar {55} vt
    1) : to close, to shut
    2) : to turn off
    3) : to bring to an end
    cerrar vi
    1) : to close up, to lock up
    2) : to close down
    * * *
    cerrar vb
    1. (en general) to close / to shut
    ¿a qué hora cerráis? what time do you close?
    2. (con llave) to lock
    ¿has cerrado la puerta con llave? have you locked the door?
    3. (gas, grifo) to turn off
    cerrar de golpe to slam [pt. & pp. slammed]
    cerrar la cremallera to zip up [pt. & pp. zipped]

    Spanish-English dictionary > cerrar

  • 17 модульный центр обработки данных (ЦОД)

    1. modular data center

     

    модульный центр обработки данных (ЦОД)
    -
    [Интент]

    Параллельные тексты EN-RU

    [ http://loosebolts.wordpress.com/2008/12/02/our-vision-for-generation-4-modular-data-centers-one-way-of-getting-it-just-right/]

    [ http://dcnt.ru/?p=9299#more-9299]

    Data Centers are a hot topic these days. No matter where you look, this once obscure aspect of infrastructure is getting a lot of attention. For years, there have been cost pressures on IT operations and this, when the need for modern capacity is greater than ever, has thrust data centers into the spotlight. Server and rack density continues to rise, placing DC professionals and businesses in tighter and tougher situations while they struggle to manage their IT environments. And now hyper-scale cloud infrastructure is taking traditional technologies to limits never explored before and focusing the imagination of the IT industry on new possibilities.

    В настоящее время центры обработки данных являются широко обсуждаемой темой. Куда ни посмотришь, этот некогда малоизвестный аспект инфраструктуры привлекает все больше внимания. Годами ИТ-отделы испытывали нехватку средств и это выдвинуло ЦОДы в центр внимания, в то время, когда необходимость в современных ЦОДах стала как никогда высокой. Плотность серверов и стоек продолжают расти, все больше усложняя ситуацию для специалистов в области охлаждения и организаций в их попытках управлять своими ИТ-средами. И теперь гипермасштабируемая облачная инфраструктура подвергает традиционные технологии невиданным ранее нагрузкам, и заставляет ИТ-индустрию искать новые возможности.

    At Microsoft, we have focused a lot of thought and research around how to best operate and maintain our global infrastructure and we want to share those learnings. While obviously there are some aspects that we keep to ourselves, we have shared how we operate facilities daily, our technologies and methodologies, and, most importantly, how we monitor and manage our facilities. Whether it’s speaking at industry events, inviting customers to our “Microsoft data center conferences” held in our data centers, or through other media like blogging and white papers, we believe sharing best practices is paramount and will drive the industry forward. So in that vein, we have some interesting news to share.

    В компании MicroSoft уделяют большое внимание изучению наилучших методов эксплуатации и технического обслуживания своей глобальной инфраструктуры и делятся результатами своих исследований. И хотя мы, конечно, не раскрываем некоторые аспекты своих исследований, мы делимся повседневным опытом эксплуатации дата-центров, своими технологиями и методологиями и, что важнее всего, методами контроля и управления своими объектами. Будь то доклады на отраслевых событиях, приглашение клиентов на наши конференции, которые посвящены центрам обработки данных MicroSoft, и проводятся в этих самых дата-центрах, или использование других средств, например, блоги и спецификации, мы уверены, что обмен передовым опытом имеет первостепенное значение и будет продвигать отрасль вперед.

    Today we are sharing our Generation 4 Modular Data Center plan. This is our vision and will be the foundation of our cloud data center infrastructure in the next five years. We believe it is one of the most revolutionary changes to happen to data centers in the last 30 years. Joining me, in writing this blog are Daniel Costello, my director of Data Center Research and Engineering and Christian Belady, principal power and cooling architect. I feel their voices will add significant value to driving understanding around the many benefits included in this new design paradigm.

    Сейчас мы хотим поделиться своим планом модульного дата-центра четвертого поколения. Это наше видение и оно будет основанием для инфраструктуры наших облачных дата-центров в ближайшие пять лет. Мы считаем, что это одно из самых революционных изменений в дата-центрах за последние 30 лет. Вместе со мной в написании этого блога участвовали Дэниел Костелло, директор по исследованиям и инжинирингу дата-центров, и Кристиан Белади, главный архитектор систем энергоснабжения и охлаждения. Мне кажется, что их авторитет придаст больше веса большому количеству преимуществ, включенных в эту новую парадигму проектирования.

    Our “Gen 4” modular data centers will take the flexibility of containerized servers—like those in our Chicago data center—and apply it across the entire facility. So what do we mean by modular? Think of it like “building blocks”, where the data center will be composed of modular units of prefabricated mechanical, electrical, security components, etc., in addition to containerized servers.

    Was there a key driver for the Generation 4 Data Center?

    Наши модульные дата-центры “Gen 4” будут гибкими с контейнерами серверов – как серверы в нашем чикагском дата-центре. И гибкость будет применяться ко всему ЦОД. Итак, что мы подразумеваем под модульностью? Мы думаем о ней как о “строительных блоках”, где дата-центр будет состоять из модульных блоков изготовленных в заводских условиях электрических систем и систем охлаждения, а также систем безопасности и т.п., в дополнение к контейнеризованным серверам.
    Был ли ключевой стимул для разработки дата-центра четвертого поколения?


    If we were to summarize the promise of our Gen 4 design into a single sentence it would be something like this: “A highly modular, scalable, efficient, just-in-time data center capacity program that can be delivered anywhere in the world very quickly and cheaply, while allowing for continued growth as required.” Sounds too good to be true, doesn’t it? Well, keep in mind that these concepts have been in initial development and prototyping for over a year and are based on cumulative knowledge of previous facility generations and the advances we have made since we began our investments in earnest on this new design.

    Если бы нам нужно было обобщить достоинства нашего проекта Gen 4 в одном предложении, это выглядело бы следующим образом: “Центр обработки данных с высоким уровнем модульности, расширяемости, и энергетической эффективности, а также возможностью постоянного расширения, в случае необходимости, который можно очень быстро и дешево развертывать в любом месте мира”. Звучит слишком хорошо для того чтобы быть правдой, не так ли? Ну, не забывайте, что эти концепции находились в процессе начальной разработки и создания опытного образца в течение более одного года и основываются на опыте, накопленном в ходе развития предыдущих поколений ЦОД, а также успехах, сделанных нами со времени, когда мы начали вкладывать серьезные средства в этот новый проект.

    One of the biggest challenges we’ve had at Microsoft is something Mike likes to call the ‘Goldilock’s Problem’. In a nutshell, the problem can be stated as:

    The worst thing we can do in delivering facilities for the business is not have enough capacity online, thus limiting the growth of our products and services.

    Одну из самых больших проблем, с которыми приходилось сталкиваться Майкрософт, Майк любит называть ‘Проблемой Лютика’. Вкратце, эту проблему можно выразить следующим образом:

    Самое худшее, что может быть при строительстве ЦОД для бизнеса, это не располагать достаточными производственными мощностями, и тем самым ограничивать рост наших продуктов и сервисов.

    The second worst thing we can do in delivering facilities for the business is to have too much capacity online.

    А вторым самым худшим моментом в этой сфере может слишком большое количество производственных мощностей.

    This has led to a focus on smart, intelligent growth for the business — refining our overall demand picture. It can’t be too hot. It can’t be too cold. It has to be ‘Just Right!’ The capital dollars of investment are too large to make without long term planning. As we struggled to master these interesting challenges, we had to ensure that our technological plan also included solutions for the business and operational challenges we faced as well.
    So let’s take a high level look at our Generation 4 design

    Это заставило нас сосредоточиваться на интеллектуальном росте для бизнеса — refining our overall demand picture. Это не должно быть слишком горячим. И это не должно быть слишком холодным. Это должно быть ‘как раз, таким как надо!’ Нельзя делать такие большие капиталовложения без долгосрочного планирования. Пока мы старались решить эти интересные проблемы, мы должны были гарантировать, что наш технологический план будет также включать решения для коммерческих и эксплуатационных проблем, с которыми нам также приходилось сталкиваться.
    Давайте рассмотрим наш проект дата-центра четвертого поколения

    Are you ready for some great visuals? Check out this video at Soapbox. Click here for the Microsoft 4th Gen Video.

    It’s a concept video that came out of my Data Center Research and Engineering team, under Daniel Costello, that will give you a view into what we think is the future.

    From a configuration, construct-ability and time to market perspective, our primary goals and objectives are to modularize the whole data center. Not just the server side (like the Chicago facility), but the mechanical and electrical space as well. This means using the same kind of parts in pre-manufactured modules, the ability to use containers, skids, or rack-based deployments and the ability to tailor the Redundancy and Reliability requirements to the application at a very specific level.


    Посмотрите это видео, перейдите по ссылке для просмотра видео о Microsoft 4th Gen:

    Это концептуальное видео, созданное командой отдела Data Center Research and Engineering, возглавляемого Дэниелом Костелло, которое даст вам наше представление о будущем.

    С точки зрения конфигурации, строительной технологичности и времени вывода на рынок, нашими главными целями и задачами агрегатирование всего дата-центра. Не только серверную часть, как дата-центр в Чикаго, но также системы охлаждения и электрические системы. Это означает применение деталей одного типа в сборных модулях, возможность использования контейнеров, салазок, или стоечных систем, а также возможность подстраивать требования избыточности и надежности для данного приложения на очень специфичном уровне.

    Our goals from a cost perspective were simple in concept but tough to deliver. First and foremost, we had to reduce the capital cost per critical Mega Watt by the class of use. Some applications can run with N-level redundancy in the infrastructure, others require a little more infrastructure for support. These different classes of infrastructure requirements meant that optimizing for all cost classes was paramount. At Microsoft, we are not a one trick pony and have many Online products and services (240+) that require different levels of operational support. We understand that and ensured that we addressed it in our design which will allow us to reduce capital costs by 20%-40% or greater depending upon class.


    Нашими целями в области затрат были концептуально простыми, но трудно реализуемыми. В первую очередь мы должны были снизить капитальные затраты в пересчете на один мегаватт, в зависимости от класса резервирования. Некоторые приложения могут вполне работать на базе инфраструктуры с резервированием на уровне N, то есть без резервирования, а для работы других приложений требуется больше инфраструктуры. Эти разные классы требований инфраструктуры подразумевали, что оптимизация всех классов затрат имеет преобладающее значение. В Майкрософт мы не ограничиваемся одним решением и располагаем большим количеством интерактивных продуктов и сервисов (240+), которым требуются разные уровни эксплуатационной поддержки. Мы понимаем это, и учитываем это в своем проекте, который позволит нам сокращать капитальные затраты на 20%-40% или более в зависимости от класса.

    For example, non-critical or geo redundant applications have low hardware reliability requirements on a location basis. As a result, Gen 4 can be configured to provide stripped down, low-cost infrastructure with little or no redundancy and/or temperature control. Let’s say an Online service team decides that due to the dramatically lower cost, they will simply use uncontrolled outside air with temperatures ranging 10-35 C and 20-80% RH. The reality is we are already spec-ing this for all of our servers today and working with server vendors to broaden that range even further as Gen 4 becomes a reality. For this class of infrastructure, we eliminate generators, chillers, UPSs, and possibly lower costs relative to traditional infrastructure.

    Например, некритичные или гео-избыточные системы имеют низкие требования к аппаратной надежности на основе местоположения. В результате этого, Gen 4 можно конфигурировать для упрощенной, недорогой инфраструктуры с низким уровнем (или вообще без резервирования) резервирования и / или температурного контроля. Скажем, команда интерактивного сервиса решает, что, в связи с намного меньшими затратами, они будут просто использовать некондиционированный наружный воздух с температурой 10-35°C и влажностью 20-80% RH. В реальности мы уже сегодня предъявляем эти требования к своим серверам и работаем с поставщиками серверов над еще большим расширением диапазона температур, так как наш модуль и подход Gen 4 становится реальностью. Для подобного класса инфраструктуры мы удаляем генераторы, чиллеры, ИБП, и, возможно, будем предлагать более низкие затраты, по сравнению с традиционной инфраструктурой.

    Applications that demand higher level of redundancy or temperature control will use configurations of Gen 4 to meet those needs, however, they will also cost more (but still less than traditional data centers). We see this cost difference driving engineering behavioral change in that we predict more applications will drive towards Geo redundancy to lower costs.

    Системы, которым требуется более высокий уровень резервирования или температурного контроля, будут использовать конфигурации Gen 4, отвечающие этим требованиям, однако, они будут также стоить больше. Но все равно они будут стоить меньше, чем традиционные дата-центры. Мы предвидим, что эти различия в затратах будут вызывать изменения в методах инжиниринга, и по нашим прогнозам, это будет выражаться в переходе все большего числа систем на гео-избыточность и меньшие затраты.

    Another cool thing about Gen 4 is that it allows us to deploy capacity when our demand dictates it. Once finalized, we will no longer need to make large upfront investments. Imagine driving capital costs more closely in-line with actual demand, thus greatly reducing time-to-market and adding the capacity Online inherent in the design. Also reduced is the amount of construction labor required to put these “building blocks” together. Since the entire platform requires pre-manufacture of its core components, on-site construction costs are lowered. This allows us to maximize our return on invested capital.

    Еще одно достоинство Gen 4 состоит в том, что он позволяет нам разворачивать дополнительные мощности, когда нам это необходимо. Как только мы закончим проект, нам больше не нужно будет делать большие начальные капиталовложения. Представьте себе возможность более точного согласования капитальных затрат с реальными требованиями, и тем самым значительного снижения времени вывода на рынок и интерактивного добавления мощностей, предусматриваемого проектом. Также снижен объем строительных работ, требуемых для сборки этих “строительных блоков”. Поскольку вся платформа требует предварительного изготовления ее базовых компонентов, затраты на сборку также снижены. Это позволит нам увеличить до максимума окупаемость своих капиталовложений.
    Мы все подвергаем сомнению

    In our design process, we questioned everything. You may notice there is no roof and some might be uncomfortable with this. We explored the need of one and throughout our research we got some surprising (positive) results that showed one wasn’t needed.

    В своем процессе проектирования мы все подвергаем сомнению. Вы, наверное, обратили внимание на отсутствие крыши, и некоторым специалистам это могло не понравиться. Мы изучили необходимость в крыше и в ходе своих исследований получили удивительные результаты, которые показали, что крыша не нужна.
    Серийное производство дата центров


    In short, we are striving to bring Henry Ford’s Model T factory to the data center. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Ford#Model_T. Gen 4 will move data centers from a custom design and build model to a commoditized manufacturing approach. We intend to have our components built in factories and then assemble them in one location (the data center site) very quickly. Think about how a computer, car or plane is built today. Components are manufactured by different companies all over the world to a predefined spec and then integrated in one location based on demands and feature requirements. And just like Henry Ford’s assembly line drove the cost of building and the time-to-market down dramatically for the automobile industry, we expect Gen 4 to do the same for data centers. Everything will be pre-manufactured and assembled on the pad.

    Мы хотим применить модель автомобильной фабрики Генри Форда к дата-центру. Проект Gen 4 будет способствовать переходу от модели специализированного проектирования и строительства к товарно-производственному, серийному подходу. Мы намерены изготавливать свои компоненты на заводах, а затем очень быстро собирать их в одном месте, в месте строительства дата-центра. Подумайте о том, как сегодня изготавливается компьютер, автомобиль или самолет. Компоненты изготавливаются по заранее определенным спецификациям разными компаниями во всем мире, затем собираются в одном месте на основе спроса и требуемых характеристик. И точно так же как сборочный конвейер Генри Форда привел к значительному уменьшению затрат на производство и времени вывода на рынок в автомобильной промышленности, мы надеемся, что Gen 4 сделает то же самое для дата-центров. Все будет предварительно изготавливаться и собираться на месте.
    Невероятно энергоэффективный ЦОД


    And did we mention that this platform will be, overall, incredibly energy efficient? From a total energy perspective not only will we have remarkable PUE values, but the total cost of energy going into the facility will be greatly reduced as well. How much energy goes into making concrete? Will we need as much of it? How much energy goes into the fuel of the construction vehicles? This will also be greatly reduced! A key driver is our goal to achieve an average PUE at or below 1.125 by 2012 across our data centers. More than that, we are on a mission to reduce the overall amount of copper and water used in these facilities. We believe these will be the next areas of industry attention when and if the energy problem is solved. So we are asking today…“how can we build a data center with less building”?

    А мы упоминали, что эта платформа будет, в общем, невероятно энергоэффективной? С точки зрения общей энергии, мы получим не только поразительные значения PUE, но общая стоимость энергии, затраченной на объект будет также значительно снижена. Сколько энергии идет на производство бетона? Нам нужно будет столько энергии? Сколько энергии идет на питание инженерных строительных машин? Это тоже будет значительно снижено! Главным стимулом является достижение среднего PUE не больше 1.125 для всех наших дата-центров к 2012 году. Более того, у нас есть задача сокращения общего количества меди и воды в дата-центрах. Мы думаем, что эти задачи станут следующей заботой отрасли после того как будет решена энергетическая проблема. Итак, сегодня мы спрашиваем себя…“как можно построить дата-центр с меньшим объемом строительных работ”?
    Строительство дата центров без чиллеров

    We have talked openly and publicly about building chiller-less data centers and running our facilities using aggressive outside economization. Our sincerest hope is that Gen 4 will completely eliminate the use of water. Today’s data centers use massive amounts of water and we see water as the next scarce resource and have decided to take a proactive stance on making water conservation part of our plan.

    Мы открыто и публично говорили о строительстве дата-центров без чиллеров и активном использовании в наших центрах обработки данных технологий свободного охлаждения или фрикулинга. Мы искренне надеемся, что Gen 4 позволит полностью отказаться от использования воды. Современные дата-центры расходуют большие объемы воды и так как мы считаем воду следующим редким ресурсом, мы решили принять упреждающие меры и включить экономию воды в свой план.

    By sharing this with the industry, we believe everyone can benefit from our methodology. While this concept and approach may be intimidating (or downright frightening) to some in the industry, disclosure ultimately is better for all of us.

    Делясь этим опытом с отраслью, мы считаем, что каждый сможет извлечь выгоду из нашей методологией. Хотя эта концепция и подход могут показаться пугающими (или откровенно страшными) для некоторых отраслевых специалистов, раскрывая свои планы мы, в конечном счете, делаем лучше для всех нас.

    Gen 4 design (even more than just containers), could reduce the ‘religious’ debates in our industry. With the central spine infrastructure in place, containers or pre-manufactured server halls can be either AC or DC, air-side economized or water-side economized, or not economized at all (though the sanity of that might be questioned). Gen 4 will allow us to decommission, repair and upgrade quickly because everything is modular. No longer will we be governed by the initial decisions made when constructing the facility. We will have almost unlimited use and re-use of the facility and site. We will also be able to use power in an ultra-fluid fashion moving load from critical to non-critical as use and capacity requirements dictate.

    Проект Gen 4 позволит уменьшить ‘религиозные’ споры в нашей отрасли. Располагая базовой инфраструктурой, контейнеры или сборные серверные могут оборудоваться системами переменного или постоянного тока, воздушными или водяными экономайзерами, или вообще не использовать экономайзеры. Хотя можно подвергать сомнению разумность такого решения. Gen 4 позволит нам быстро выполнять работы по выводу из эксплуатации, ремонту и модернизации, поскольку все будет модульным. Мы больше не будем руководствоваться начальными решениями, принятыми во время строительства дата-центра. Мы сможем использовать этот дата-центр и инфраструктуру в течение почти неограниченного периода времени. Мы также сможем применять сверхгибкие методы использования электрической энергии, переводя оборудование в режимы критической или некритической нагрузки в соответствии с требуемой мощностью.
    Gen 4 – это стандартная платформа

    Finally, we believe this is a big game changer. Gen 4 will provide a standard platform that our industry can innovate around. For example, all modules in our Gen 4 will have common interfaces clearly defined by our specs and any vendor that meets these specifications will be able to plug into our infrastructure. Whether you are a computer vendor, UPS vendor, generator vendor, etc., you will be able to plug and play into our infrastructure. This means we can also source anyone, anywhere on the globe to minimize costs and maximize performance. We want to help motivate the industry to further innovate—with innovations from which everyone can reap the benefits.

    Наконец, мы уверены, что это будет фактором, который значительно изменит ситуацию. Gen 4 будет представлять собой стандартную платформу, которую отрасль сможет обновлять. Например, все модули в нашем Gen 4 будут иметь общепринятые интерфейсы, четко определяемые нашими спецификациями, и оборудование любого поставщика, которое отвечает этим спецификациям можно будет включать в нашу инфраструктуру. Независимо от того производите вы компьютеры, ИБП, генераторы и т.п., вы сможете включать свое оборудование нашу инфраструктуру. Это означает, что мы также сможем обеспечивать всех, в любом месте земного шара, тем самым сводя до минимума затраты и максимальной увеличивая производительность. Мы хотим создать в отрасли мотивацию для дальнейших инноваций – инноваций, от которых каждый сможет получать выгоду.
    Главные характеристики дата-центров четвертого поколения Gen4

    To summarize, the key characteristics of our Generation 4 data centers are:

    Scalable
    Plug-and-play spine infrastructure
    Factory pre-assembled: Pre-Assembled Containers (PACs) & Pre-Manufactured Buildings (PMBs)
    Rapid deployment
    De-mountable
    Reduce TTM
    Reduced construction
    Sustainable measures

    Ниже приведены главные характеристики дата-центров четвертого поколения Gen 4:

    Расширяемость;
    Готовая к использованию базовая инфраструктура;
    Изготовление в заводских условиях: сборные контейнеры (PAC) и сборные здания (PMB);
    Быстрота развертывания;
    Возможность демонтажа;
    Снижение времени вывода на рынок (TTM);
    Сокращение сроков строительства;
    Экологичность;

    Map applications to DC Class

    We hope you join us on this incredible journey of change and innovation!

    Long hours of research and engineering time are invested into this process. There are still some long days and nights ahead, but the vision is clear. Rest assured however, that we as refine Generation 4, the team will soon be looking to Generation 5 (even if it is a bit farther out). There is always room to get better.


    Использование систем электропитания постоянного тока.

    Мы надеемся, что вы присоединитесь к нам в этом невероятном путешествии по миру изменений и инноваций!

    На этот проект уже потрачены долгие часы исследований и проектирования. И еще предстоит потратить много дней и ночей, но мы имеем четкое представление о конечной цели. Однако будьте уверены, что как только мы доведем до конца проект модульного дата-центра четвертого поколения, мы вскоре начнем думать о проекте дата-центра пятого поколения. Всегда есть возможность для улучшений.

    So if you happen to come across Goldilocks in the forest, and you are curious as to why she is smiling you will know that she feels very good about getting very close to ‘JUST RIGHT’.

    Generations of Evolution – some background on our data center designs

    Так что, если вы встретите в лесу девочку по имени Лютик, и вам станет любопытно, почему она улыбается, вы будете знать, что она очень довольна тем, что очень близко подошла к ‘ОПИМАЛЬНОМУ РЕШЕНИЮ’.
    Поколения эволюции – история развития наших дата-центров

    We thought you might be interested in understanding what happened in the first three generations of our data center designs. When Ray Ozzie wrote his Software plus Services memo it posed a very interesting challenge to us. The winds of change were at ‘tornado’ proportions. That “plus Services” tag had some significant (and unstated) challenges inherent to it. The first was that Microsoft was going to evolve even further into an operations company. While we had been running large scale Internet services since 1995, this development lead us to an entirely new level. Additionally, these “services” would span across both Internet and Enterprise businesses. To those of you who have to operate “stuff”, you know that these are two very different worlds in operational models and challenges. It also meant that, to achieve the same level of reliability and performance required our infrastructure was going to have to scale globally and in a significant way.

    Мы подумали, что может быть вам будет интересно узнать историю первых трех поколений наших центров обработки данных. Когда Рэй Оззи написал свою памятную записку Software plus Services, он поставил перед нами очень интересную задачу. Ветра перемен двигались с ураганной скоростью. Это окончание “plus Services” скрывало в себе какие-то значительные и неопределенные задачи. Первая заключалась в том, что Майкрософт собиралась в еще большей степени стать операционной компанией. Несмотря на то, что мы управляли большими интернет-сервисами, начиная с 1995 г., эта разработка подняла нас на абсолютно новый уровень. Кроме того, эти “сервисы” охватывали интернет-компании и корпорации. Тем, кому приходится всем этим управлять, известно, что есть два очень разных мира в области операционных моделей и задач. Это также означало, что для достижения такого же уровня надежности и производительности требовалось, чтобы наша инфраструктура располагала значительными возможностями расширения в глобальных масштабах.

    It was that intense atmosphere of change that we first started re-evaluating data center technology and processes in general and our ideas began to reach farther than what was accepted by the industry at large. This was the era of Generation 1. As we look at where most of the world’s data centers are today (and where our facilities were), it represented all the known learning and design requirements that had been in place since IBM built the first purpose-built computer room. These facilities focused more around uptime, reliability and redundancy. Big infrastructure was held accountable to solve all potential environmental shortfalls. This is where the majority of infrastructure in the industry still is today.

    Именно в этой атмосфере серьезных изменений мы впервые начали переоценку ЦОД-технологий и технологий вообще, и наши идеи начали выходить за пределы общепринятых в отрасли представлений. Это была эпоха ЦОД первого поколения. Когда мы узнали, где сегодня располагается большинство мировых дата-центров и где находятся наши предприятия, это представляло весь опыт и навыки проектирования, накопленные со времени, когда IBM построила первую серверную. В этих ЦОД больше внимания уделялось бесперебойной работе, надежности и резервированию. Большая инфраструктура была призвана решать все потенциальные экологические проблемы. Сегодня большая часть инфраструктуры все еще находится на этом этапе своего развития.

    We soon realized that traditional data centers were quickly becoming outdated. They were not keeping up with the demands of what was happening technologically and environmentally. That’s when we kicked off our Generation 2 design. Gen 2 facilities started taking into account sustainability, energy efficiency, and really looking at the total cost of energy and operations.

    Очень быстро мы поняли, что стандартные дата-центры очень быстро становятся устаревшими. Они не поспевали за темпами изменений технологических и экологических требований. Именно тогда мы стали разрабатывать ЦОД второго поколения. В этих дата-центрах Gen 2 стали принимать во внимание такие факторы как устойчивое развитие, энергетическая эффективность, а также общие энергетические и эксплуатационные.

    No longer did we view data centers just for the upfront capital costs, but we took a hard look at the facility over the course of its life. Our Quincy, Washington and San Antonio, Texas facilities are examples of our Gen 2 data centers where we explored and implemented new ways to lessen the impact on the environment. These facilities are considered two leading industry examples, based on their energy efficiency and ability to run and operate at new levels of scale and performance by leveraging clean hydro power (Quincy) and recycled waste water (San Antonio) to cool the facility during peak cooling months.

    Мы больше не рассматривали дата-центры только с точки зрения начальных капитальных затрат, а внимательно следили за работой ЦОД на протяжении его срока службы. Наши объекты в Куинси, Вашингтоне, и Сан-Антонио, Техас, являются образцами наших ЦОД второго поколения, в которых мы изучали и применяли на практике новые способы снижения воздействия на окружающую среду. Эти объекты считаются двумя ведущими отраслевыми примерами, исходя из их энергетической эффективности и способности работать на новых уровнях производительности, основанных на использовании чистой энергии воды (Куинси) и рециклирования отработанной воды (Сан-Антонио) для охлаждения объекта в самых жарких месяцах.

    As we were delivering our Gen 2 facilities into steel and concrete, our Generation 3 facilities were rapidly driving the evolution of the program. The key concepts for our Gen 3 design are increased modularity and greater concentration around energy efficiency and scale. The Gen 3 facility will be best represented by the Chicago, Illinois facility currently under construction. This facility will seem very foreign compared to the traditional data center concepts most of the industry is comfortable with. In fact, if you ever sit around in our container hanger in Chicago it will look incredibly different from a traditional raised-floor data center. We anticipate this modularization will drive huge efficiencies in terms of cost and operations for our business. We will also introduce significant changes in the environmental systems used to run our facilities. These concepts and processes (where applicable) will help us gain even greater efficiencies in our existing footprint, allowing us to further maximize infrastructure investments.

    Так как наши ЦОД второго поколения строились из стали и бетона, наши центры обработки данных третьего поколения начали их быстро вытеснять. Главными концептуальными особенностями ЦОД третьего поколения Gen 3 являются повышенная модульность и большее внимание к энергетической эффективности и масштабированию. Дата-центры третьего поколения лучше всего представлены объектом, который в настоящее время строится в Чикаго, Иллинойс. Этот ЦОД будет выглядеть очень необычно, по сравнению с общепринятыми в отрасли представлениями о дата-центре. Действительно, если вам когда-либо удастся побывать в нашем контейнерном ангаре в Чикаго, он покажется вам совершенно непохожим на обычный дата-центр с фальшполом. Мы предполагаем, что этот модульный подход будет способствовать значительному повышению эффективности нашего бизнеса в отношении затрат и операций. Мы также внесем существенные изменения в климатические системы, используемые в наших ЦОД. Эти концепции и технологии, если применимо, позволят нам добиться еще большей эффективности наших существующих дата-центров, и тем самым еще больше увеличивать капиталовложения в инфраструктуру.

    This is definitely a journey, not a destination industry. In fact, our Generation 4 design has been under heavy engineering for viability and cost for over a year. While the demand of our commercial growth required us to make investments as we grew, we treated each step in the learning as a process for further innovation in data centers. The design for our future Gen 4 facilities enabled us to make visionary advances that addressed the challenges of building, running, and operating facilities all in one concerted effort.

    Это определенно путешествие, а не конечный пункт назначения. На самом деле, наш проект ЦОД четвертого поколения подвергался серьезным испытаниям на жизнеспособность и затраты на протяжении целого года. Хотя необходимость в коммерческом росте требовала от нас постоянных капиталовложений, мы рассматривали каждый этап своего развития как шаг к будущим инновациям в области дата-центров. Проект наших будущих ЦОД четвертого поколения Gen 4 позволил нам делать фантастические предположения, которые касались задач строительства, управления и эксплуатации объектов как единого упорядоченного процесса.


    Тематики

    Синонимы

    EN

    Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > модульный центр обработки данных (ЦОД)

  • 18 bárbaro

    adj.
    1 barbarian, barbarous, barbaric, beast-like.
    2 super.
    3 non-Greco-Roman.
    intj.
    super.
    m.
    barbarian, philistine, chuff, savage.
    * * *
    1 HISTORIA barbarian
    2 (cruel) barbaric, savage, cruel
    3 (temerario) daring
    4 familiar (grande) enormous, tremendous
    5 familiar (espléndido) fantastic, terrific
    nombre masculino,nombre femenino
    1 HISTORIA barbarian
    1
    ————————
    1
    * * *
    1. (f. - bárbara)
    noun m.
    2. (f. - bárbara)
    adj.
    1) barbarian, uncivilized
    * * *
    bárbaro, -a
    1. ADJ
    1) ( Hist) barbarian
    2) (=cruel) barbarous, cruel; (=espantoso) awful, frightful
    3) (=grosero) rough, uncouth; (=inculto) ignorant
    4) * (=increíble) tremendous *, smashing *

    un éxito bárbaroa tremendous o smashing success *

    es un tío bárbarohe's a great o fantastic guy *

    ¡qué bárbaro! — (=estupendo) great!, terrific!; (=horrible) how awful!

    2.
    ADV * (=estupendamente) brilliantly

    canta bárbaro — she signs brilliantly, she's a terrific singer

    3.
    EXCL Cono Sur * fine!, OK! *
    4. SM / F
    1) ( Hist) barbarian
    2) (=bruto) uncouth person

    gritó como un bárbaro — he gave a tremendous shout, he shouted like mad

    * * *
    I
    - ra adjetivo
    1) (Hist) barbarian
    2)

    no seas bárbaro, no te tires de ahí — don't be an idiot o don't be so stupid, don't try jumping off there

    b) ( bruto)

    no seas bárbaro, no se lo digas — don't be crass o cruel, don't tell him

    3) (fam) ( como intensificador) <casa/coche> fantastic
    II
    adverbio (fam)
    III
    - ra masculino, femenino
    1) (Hist) Barbarian
    2) (fam) ( bruto) lout, thug

    comer como un bárbaro — (fam) to eat like a horse

    * * *
    2 = barbaric, philistine, barbarous, barbarian.
    Nota: Adjetivo.
    Ex. The novel is a crude barbaric mixture of verse and prose, poetry and realism, crammed with ghosts, corpses, maniacs all very unlike Racine.
    Ex. Not all large publishing companies are conducted in a callous and philistine manner, motivated solely by profit.
    Ex. The title of the article is 'Highest aspirations or barbarous acts: the explosion in human rights documentation'.
    Ex. The writer examines the hierarchy and organization of barbarian churches that developed in the western Roman Empire in late antiquity.
    * * *
    I
    - ra adjetivo
    1) (Hist) barbarian
    2)

    no seas bárbaro, no te tires de ahí — don't be an idiot o don't be so stupid, don't try jumping off there

    b) ( bruto)

    no seas bárbaro, no se lo digas — don't be crass o cruel, don't tell him

    3) (fam) ( como intensificador) <casa/coche> fantastic
    II
    adverbio (fam)
    III
    - ra masculino, femenino
    1) (Hist) Barbarian
    2) (fam) ( bruto) lout, thug

    comer como un bárbaro — (fam) to eat like a horse

    * * *
    bárbaro1
    1 = savage, barbarian.
    Nota: Nombre.

    Ex: The father is ultimately a figure of fun and the archetype of an irrational savage.

    Ex: The article is entitled 'Waiting for the barbarians? Multicultural public library services in Australia 1985-1992'.

    bárbaro3
    3 = great, swell.

    Ex: Click on 'add new experience', provide as much details as you can, and let us know why you think they are so great.

    Ex: I was reading this book in anticipatian of the movie and it was swell, it was so good I read it two days straight.

    2 = barbaric, philistine, barbarous, barbarian.
    Nota: Adjetivo.

    Ex: The novel is a crude barbaric mixture of verse and prose, poetry and realism, crammed with ghosts, corpses, maniacs all very unlike Racine.

    Ex: Not all large publishing companies are conducted in a callous and philistine manner, motivated solely by profit.
    Ex: The title of the article is 'Highest aspirations or barbarous acts: the explosion in human rights documentation'.
    Ex: The writer examines the hierarchy and organization of barbarian churches that developed in the western Roman Empire in late antiquity.

    * * *
    bárbaro1 -ra
    A ( Hist) barbarian
    B
    1
    (imprudente): no seas bárbaro, no te tires de ahí don't be an idiot o don't be so stupid, don't try jumping off there
    2
    (animal): el muy bárbaro la hizo llorar the brute made her cry
    no seas bárbaro, no se lo digas don't be crass/cruel, don't tell him
    C ( fam)
    1
    (como intensificador): tengo un hambre bárbara/un sueño bárbaro I'm starving/absolutely bushed o ( BrE) whacked ( colloq), I'm incredibly hungry/tired ( colloq)
    hace un frío/calor bárbaro it's freezing (cold)/boiling (hot) ( colloq), it's incredibly cold/hot ( colloq)
    2 (estupendo, magnífico) super ( colloq), fantastic ( colloq)
    ¿te parece bien? — ¡bárbaro! do you think it's a good idea? — fantastic! ( colloq)
    ( fam):
    lo pasamos bárbaro we had a fantastic time ( colloq)
    me viene bárbaro it's super!, it's just what I needed!
    bárbaro3 -ra
    masculine, feminine
    A ( Hist) Barbarian
    los bárbaros the Barbarians
    B ( fam)
    (bruto): estos bárbaros me destrozaron la alfombra these louts ruined my carpet
    esos hinchas de fútbol son unos bárbaros those football fans behave like animals o are just a bunch of thugs
    esos bárbaros me han roto los cristales del coche those vandals o thugs have smashed my car windows
    comer como un bárbaro ( fam); to eat like a horse
    * * *

     

    bárbaro 1
    ◊ -ra adjetivo

    1 (Hist) barbarian
    2 ( bruto):

    no seas bárbaro, no se lo digas don't be crass o cruel, don't tell him
    3 (fam) ( como intensificador) ‹casa/coche fantastic;

    bárbaro 2 adverbio (fam):

    bárbaro 3 -ra sustantivo masculino, femenino
    1 (Hist) Barbarian
    2 (fam) ( bruto) lout, thug
    bárbaro,-a
    I adjetivo
    1 (cruel, despiadado) barbaric: fue un castigo bárbaro, it was a barbaric punishment
    2 (incivilizado, rudo) barbarous
    3 fam (en mucha cantidad) massive: tengo un cansancio bárbaro, I'm absolutely exhausted
    4 fam (fenomenal, maravilloso) fantastic, terrific
    5 Hist barbarian
    II m,f Hist barbarian
    ' bárbaro' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    bárbara
    English:
    barbarian
    - barbaric
    - boor
    - boorish
    - yahoo
    - swell
    * * *
    bárbaro, -a
    adj
    1. Hist barbarian
    2. [cruel] barbaric, cruel
    3. [bruto] uncouth, coarse;
    no seas bárbaro, desconecta primero el enchufe don't be such an idiot, take the plug out first
    4. Fam [excelente] fantastic, great;
    su último disco es bárbaro her latest record is fantastic o great;
    con esa falda estás bárbara you look fantastic o great in that skirt;
    es una persona bárbara she's a wonderful person;
    conseguí las entradas – ¡bárbaro! I got the tickets – great o fantastic!
    5. Fam [como intensificador]
    hacía un frío bárbaro it was dead cold;
    tengo una sed bárbara I'm dead thirsty
    nm,f
    1. Hist barbarian;
    los bárbaros the barbarians
    2. [persona bruta] brute, animal;
    el bárbaro de su marido le pega her brute of a husband beats her;
    unos bárbaros destrozaron la cabina telefónica some animals o Br yobs destroyed the phone Br box o US booth
    adv
    Fam [magníficamente]
    pasarlo bárbaro to have a wild time
    * * *
    I adj fam
    tremendous, awesome fam ;
    ¡qué bárbaro! amazing!, wicked! fam ;
    lo pasamos bárbaro fam we had a whale of a time
    II m, bárbara f fam
    punk fam
    * * *
    bárbaro adv, fam : wildly
    anoche lo pasamos bárbaro: we had a wild time last night
    bárbaro, -ra adj
    1) : barbarous, wild, uncivilized
    2) fam : great, fantastic
    bárbaro, -ra n
    : barbarian
    * * *
    1. (violento) brutal / violent
    2. (estupendo) fantastic / terrific

    Spanish-English dictionary > bárbaro

  • 19 toma

    f.
    1 feed.
    2 dose.
    3 capture.
    4 inlet.
    toma de corriente ( Elec) power point, socket
    toma de exteriores location shot
    6 photo, photograph, shot, snapshot.
    7 intake, inlet.
    8 takeover, taking, overtaking.
    9 spigot.
    10 swallowing, ingestion.
    11 socket.
    pres.indicat.
    3rd person singular (él/ella/ello) present indicative of spanish verb: tomar.
    * * *
    (aquí tienes) here you are, here
    ————————
    1 (acción) taking
    2 MEDICINA dose
    3 MILITAR capture
    4 (de aire) intake, inlet; (de agua) outlet, tap; (de electricidad) plug, socket
    5 (grabación) recording
    6 CINEMATOGRAFÍA take, shot
    \
    toma de corriente power point
    toma de tierra ELECTRICIDAD earth, US ground 2 (de avión) landing, touchdown
    * * *
    noun f.
    3) dose
    4) capture, seizure
    * * *
    1. SF
    1) (Téc) [de agua, gas] (=entrada) inlet; (=salida) outlet

    toma de aire — air inlet, air intake

    toma de antena — (Radio, TV) aerial socket

    toma de tierra — earth (wire), ground (wire) (EEUU)

    2) (Cine, TV) shot

    ¡escena primera, tercera toma! — scene one, take three!

    3) [de jarabe, medicina] dose; [de bebé] feed
    4) (Mil) (=captura) taking, capture

    la toma de Granadathe taking o capture of Granada

    5) LAm (=acequia) irrigation channel; CAm (=arroyo) brook
    6)

    toma de decisiones — decision-making, decision-taking

    toma de hábito — (Rel) taking of vows

    toma de posesión, mañana tendrá lugar la toma de posesión del nuevo presidente — the new president will take office tomorrow

    toma de tierra — (Aer) landing, touchdown

    2.
    SM
    * * *
    1)
    a) (Mil) capture, taking
    b) (de universidad, fábrica) occupation; ( de tierras) seizure
    2) (Cin, Fot) shot
    3) ( de medicamento) dose
    4) ( de datos) gathering; ( de muestras) taking
    5) ( en yudo) hold
    6) (AmL) ( acequia) irrigation channel
    * * *
    = shot, seizure, take, inlet.
    Ex. Each video shot is logged using text descriptions, audio dialogue, and cinematic attributes.
    Ex. Penalties that can be imposed range from seizure and forfeiture of the articles and the means by which they were produced to fines or imprisonment.
    Ex. Bibliographic information required includes: types of recordings listed; location of recording sessions; matrix numbers; takes or take numbers; issue dates; and types of index contained in the discography.
    Ex. The cell arrival processes on the inlets of the switching element are of a bursty nature.
    ----
    * apoyo a la toma de decisiones = decision support.
    * árbol para la toma de decisiones = decision tree.
    * hoja de toma de datos = checklist [check-list], data sheet [datasheet].
    * imposibilidad de toma de decisiones = undecidability.
    * posibilidad de toma de decisiones = decidability.
    * reacio a la toma de riesgos = risk-averse.
    * sistema de apoyo a la toma de decisiones = decision support system, decision making system.
    * toma de aire = air intake.
    * toma de apuntes = note-taking.
    * toma de conciencia = realisation [realization, -USA], reality check.
    * toma de contacto entre expertos = meeting of (the) minds.
    * toma de corriente = outlet, socket, socket outlet, light socket.
    * toma de decisiones = decision making [decision-making], decision taking.
    * toma de decisiones con conocimiento de causa = informed decision making.
    * toma de decisiones fundadas = informed decision making.
    * toma de iniciativas = initiative taking.
    * toma de luz = outlet, power point, socket, socket outlet.
    * toma de medidas = action.
    * toma de notas = note-taking.
    * toma de riesgos = risk-taking, calculated risk-taking.
    * toma de tierra = earthing.
    * toma de turnos en la conversación = turn-taking [turntaking].
    * toma eléctrica = outlet, socket, electrical outlet.
    * toma falsa = outtake.
    * Tomás de Aquino = Thomas Aquinas.
    * toma y daca = give and take.
    * * *
    1)
    a) (Mil) capture, taking
    b) (de universidad, fábrica) occupation; ( de tierras) seizure
    2) (Cin, Fot) shot
    3) ( de medicamento) dose
    4) ( de datos) gathering; ( de muestras) taking
    5) ( en yudo) hold
    6) (AmL) ( acequia) irrigation channel
    * * *
    = shot, seizure, take, inlet.

    Ex: Each video shot is logged using text descriptions, audio dialogue, and cinematic attributes.

    Ex: Penalties that can be imposed range from seizure and forfeiture of the articles and the means by which they were produced to fines or imprisonment.
    Ex: Bibliographic information required includes: types of recordings listed; location of recording sessions; matrix numbers; takes or take numbers; issue dates; and types of index contained in the discography.
    Ex: The cell arrival processes on the inlets of the switching element are of a bursty nature.
    * apoyo a la toma de decisiones = decision support.
    * árbol para la toma de decisiones = decision tree.
    * hoja de toma de datos = checklist [check-list], data sheet [datasheet].
    * imposibilidad de toma de decisiones = undecidability.
    * posibilidad de toma de decisiones = decidability.
    * reacio a la toma de riesgos = risk-averse.
    * sistema de apoyo a la toma de decisiones = decision support system, decision making system.
    * toma de aire = air intake.
    * toma de apuntes = note-taking.
    * toma de conciencia = realisation [realization, -USA], reality check.
    * toma de contacto entre expertos = meeting of (the) minds.
    * toma de corriente = outlet, socket, socket outlet, light socket.
    * toma de decisiones = decision making [decision-making], decision taking.
    * toma de decisiones con conocimiento de causa = informed decision making.
    * toma de decisiones fundadas = informed decision making.
    * toma de iniciativas = initiative taking.
    * toma de luz = outlet, power point, socket, socket outlet.
    * toma de medidas = action.
    * toma de notas = note-taking.
    * toma de riesgos = risk-taking, calculated risk-taking.
    * toma de tierra = earthing.
    * toma de turnos en la conversación = turn-taking [turntaking].
    * toma eléctrica = outlet, socket, electrical outlet.
    * toma falsa = outtake.
    * Tomás de Aquino = Thomas Aquinas.
    * toma y daca = give and take.

    * * *
    A
    1 ( Mil) capture, taking
    la toma de la Bastilla the storming of the Bastille
    2 (de una universidad, fábrica) occupation
    la toma de tierras por los campesinos the occupation o seizure of lands by the peasants
    B
    1 ( Fot) shot
    2 ( Cin, TV):
    unas tomas magníficas del paisaje some magnificent shots of the countryside
    el director quiere repetir esa toma the director wants to do that take again
    D (de datos) gathering, collecting, collection; (de muestras) taking
    la toma de decisiones the taking of decisions, the decision-making
    E (en yudo) hold
    F ( Esp fam):
    (muy guapo) to be easy on the eye, to be a real looker ( colloq); (muy sabroso) to be very tasty ( colloq)
    G ( AmL) (acequia) irrigation channel
    Compuestos:
    air intake, air inlet
    ( Bolsa) profit-taking
    fuel intake, fuel inlet
    esta toma de conciencia del problema the fact that people have become aware o conscious of the problem, this new awareness of the problem
    (contacto) contact; (contacto inicial) first o initial contact
    no ha habido toma de contacto entre ellos there has been no contact between them, they have not been in contact
    (wall) socket, power point, outlet ( AmE)
    (de un presidente) inauguration; (de ministros) swearing-in ceremony
    (en un cargo): el día de mi toma de posesión the day I took up my post
    su toma de postura sorprendió a mucha gente his stance surprised many people
    esta toma de postura de la Iglesia the adoption of this stance by the Church, the fact that the Church has adopted o taken this stance
    A ( Elec) ground ( AmE), ground wire ( o connection etc) ( AmE), earth ( BrE), earth wire ( o connection etc) ( BrE)
    B ( Aviac) landing, touchdown
    masculine (intercambio de favores, servicios) give-and-take; (en un combate, una prueba) cut-and-thrust
    * * *

     

    Del verbo tomar: ( conjugate tomar)

    toma es:

    3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente indicativo

    2ª persona singular (tú) imperativo

    Multiple Entries:
    toma    
    tomar
    toma sustantivo femenino
    1
    a) (Mil) capture, taking

    b) (de universidad, fábrica) occupation;

    ( de tierras) seizure
    2 (Cin, Fot — imagen) shot;
    (— acción de filmar) take
    3 ( de medicamento) dose
    4 ( de datos) gathering;
    ( de muestras) taking;

    5 (AmL) ( acequia) irrigation channel
    6
    a)

    toma de tierra (Elec) ground (wire) (AmE), earth (wire) (BrE)

    b) (Aviac) landing, touchdown

    tomar ( conjugate tomar) verbo transitivo
    1 ( en general) to take;

    la tomé de la mano I took her by the hand;
    toma lo que te debo here's what I owe you;
    ¿lo puedo toma prestado? can I borrow it?;
    tomó el asunto en sus manos she took charge of the matter;
    toma precauciones/el tren/una foto to take precautions/the train/a picture;
    tomale la temperatura a algn to take sb's temperature;
    toma algo por escrito to write sth down;
    toma algo/a algn POR algo/algn to take sth/sb for sth/sb;
    ¿por quién me has tomado? who o what do you take me for?;
    lo tomó a mal/a broma he took it the wrong way/as a joke;
    eso toma demasiado tiempo that takes up too much time
    2


    b) (servirse, consumir) to have;

    ¿qué vas a toma? what are you going to have?

    3 (esp AmL)

    b) [ profesor] ‹alumnos/clases to take on

    c) [ colegio] ‹ niño to take

    4 ( apoderarse de) ‹fortaleza/tierras to seize;
    universidad/fábrica to occupy
    5 ( adquirir) ‹ forma to take;
    aspecto to take on;
    velocidad/altura to gain;
    costumbre to get into
    6 ( cobrar):
    le he tomado cariño a esta casa/a la niña I've become quite attached to this house/quite fond of the girl

    7 ( exponerse a):

    toma (el) sol to sunbathe;
    vas a toma frío (CS) you'll get o catch cold
    verbo intransitivo
    1 ( asir):
    toma, aquí tienes tus tijeras here are your scissors;

    tome, yo no lo necesito take it, I don't need it
    2 (esp AmL) ( beber alcohol) to drink
    3 (AmL) (ir) to go;

    toma a la derecha to turn o go right
    4 [ injerto] to take
    tomarse verbo pronominal
    1vacaciones/tiempo to take;

    2molestia/libertad to take;
    tomase la molestia/libertad de hacer algo to take the trouble to do sth/the liberty of doing sth

    3 ( enf)
    a)café/vino to drink

    b)medicamento/vitaminas to take

    c)desayuno/merienda/sopa to eat, have;

    helado/yogur to have
    4autobús/tren/taxi to take
    5 (Med)
    a) ( refl) to take;


    b) ( caus):


    6 ( caus) (esp AmL) ‹ fototo have … taken
    7 ( enf) ( reaccionar frente a) ‹comentario/noticia to take;

    8 (Chi) ‹universidad/fábrica to occupy
    toma sustantivo femenino
    1 (acción de tomar) taking
    (de datos) gathering
    (de una ciudad, un edificio) taking, occupation
    Mil capture
    toma de posesión, investiture
    2 Cine Fot shot
    (secuencia) take
    3 (dosis) dose
    4 Elec toma de corriente, power point, US socket
    toma de tierra, earth, US ground
    5 toma de conciencia, awareness, realization
    tomar verbo transitivo
    1 (coger, agarrar) to take: tomó mi mano, he took my hand
    toma las llaves, here are the keys
    2 (autobús, taxi, etc) to take, catch: tomé el ascensor, I took the lift o elevator
    tengo que tomar el próximo tren, I have to catch the next train
    3 (alimentos) to have
    (bebidas) to drink
    (medicinas) to take
    4 (adoptar) to take, adopt: tomaron medidas desesperadas, they took desperate measures
    5 (tener cierta reacción) no lo tomes a broma, don't take it as a joke
    6 (juzgar) no me tomes por idiota, don't think I'm stupid
    (confundirse) le tomaron por Robert Redford, they mistook him for Robert Redford
    7 (el aire, el fresco, etc) to get
    tomar el sol, to sunbathe
    8 (en carretera) decidió tomar la autopista, he decided to take the motorway
    9 (apuntes, notas) to take
    10 (fotos) to take
    11 Av tomar tierra, to land, touch down 12 ¡toma! excl (sorpresa) well!, why!
    (asentimiento) of course!
    ' toma' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    confianza
    - licencia
    - pachorra
    - potingue
    - sana
    - sano
    - tierra
    - tomar
    - tranquilidad
    - agarrar
    - cachondeo
    - ligero
    - toma y daca
    English:
    assumption
    - capture
    - decision making
    - earth
    - easy-going
    - give
    - give-and-take
    - here
    - initiative
    - intake
    - laugh off
    - nightcap
    - on
    - outtake
    - plenty
    - plug
    - power point
    - retake
    - seizure
    - shot
    - so
    - socket
    - take
    - takeover
    - treat
    - turn
    - turn off
    - any
    - decision
    - drink
    - hammer
    - hydrant
    - inaugural
    - inauguration
    - note
    - out
    - point
    - power
    - pride
    - quits
    - sit
    * * *
    nf
    1. [acción de tomar]
    toma de conciencia realization;
    la toma de conciencia tardó mucho tiempo it took some time for people to become aware of the true situation;
    toma de decisiones decision-making;
    toma de posesión [de gobierno, presidente] investiture;
    la toma de posesión será el día 25 [de cargo] he will take up his post on the 25th;
    toma de posición o posiciones position taking;
    alabaron la toma de posición del presidente en este tema they praised the position taken by the president on this matter
    2. [de biberón, papilla] feed
    3. [de medicamento] dose
    4. [de ciudad] capture;
    la toma del castillo the storming of the castle
    5. [de agua, aire] inlet
    Am Elec toma de contacto socket, esp Br power point; Elec toma de corriente socket, esp Br power point; Elec toma de tierra Br earth, US ground
    6. Cine & TV [plano] take
    toma falsa outtake
    7. Col [cauce] irrigation ditch
    8. Chile [presa] dam
    nm
    Fam
    toma y daca give and take
    * * *
    f FOT shot, take
    * * *
    toma nf
    1) : taking, seizure, capture
    2) dosis: dose
    3) : take, shot
    4)
    toma de corriente : wall socket, outlet
    5)
    toma y daca : give-and-take
    * * *
    toma n
    2. (en cine) take
    3. (conquista) taking / capture
    toma de corriente socket / power point

    Spanish-English dictionary > toma

  • 20 сварка

    ( упаковочной пленки) sealing, weld, welding
    * * *
    сва́рка ж.
    welding
    вести́ сва́рку — conduct the welding operation
    возобновля́ть сва́рку ( после перерыва) — pick up the welding
    поддаю́щийся сва́рке — weldable
    прерыва́ть сва́рку — break off the welding
    приго́дный для сва́рки — weldable
    автомати́ческая сва́рка — automatic [machine] welding
    арго́но-дугова́я сва́рка — argon-arc welding
    а́томно-водоро́дная сва́рка — atomic-hydrogen welding
    ацетиле́новая сва́рка — oxy-acetylene welding
    сва́рка без расплавле́ния основно́го мета́лла — nonfusion welding
    ве́рхняя сва́рка — overhead welding
    сва́рка взры́вом — explosion welding
    вибродугова́я сва́рка — short-circuited arc welding
    сва́рка в контроли́руемой атмосфе́ре — controlled-atmosphere welding
    сва́рка в ло́дочку — gravity position welding
    сва́рка внахлё́стку — lap welding
    сва́рка в ни́жнем положе́нии — down-hand [flat] welding
    водоро́дно-кислоро́дная сва́рка — oxyhydrogen welding
    сва́рка вольфра́мовым электро́дом в га́зовой среде́ — gas-tungsten arc [GTA] welding
    сва́рка вразбро́с — skip [wandering] sequence welding
    сва́рка встык — butt welding
    высокочасто́тная сва́рка — high-frequency welding
    га́зовая сва́рка — gas welding
    газопре́ссовая сва́рка — pressure-gas welding
    сва́рка го́лым электро́дом — bare welding
    сва́рка давле́нием — pressure welding
    диффузио́нная сва́рка — diffusion welding
    дугова́я сва́рка — (electrical) welding
    дугова́я сва́рка в защи́тных га́зах — gas-shielded arc welding
    дугова́я сва́рка в ине́ртном га́зе — inert gas arc welding
    дугова́я сва́рка в среде́ ге́лия — helium arc welding
    дугова́я сва́рка в среде́ углеки́слого га́за — gas-shielded arc welding
    дугова́я сва́рка закры́той дуго́й — hidden arc welding
    дугова́я, и́мпульсная сва́рка — pulsed [controlled-transfer] arc welding
    дугова́я сва́рка короткоза́мкнутой дуго́й — dip-transfer arc welding
    дугова́я сва́рка металли́ческим электро́дом — metallic arc welding
    дугова́я сва́рка ме́тодом опира́ния ( электрода) — contact arc welding
    дугова́я сва́рка накло́нным электро́дом — deck arc welding
    дугова́я сва́рка непла́вящимся электро́дом — nonconsumable-electrode arc welding
    дугова́я сва́рка откры́той дуго́й — open arc welding
    дугова́я сва́рка пла́вящимся электро́дом — consumable-electrode arc welding
    дугова́я сва́рка под флю́сом — submerged arc welding
    дугова́я сва́рка покры́тым электро́дом — covered-electrode arc welding
    дугова́я, ручна́я сва́рка — manual arc welding
    дугова́я сва́рка сжа́той дуго́й — constricted arc welding
    дугова́я сва́рка у́гольным электро́дом — carbon arc welding
    сва́рка каска́дом — cascade welding
    конта́ктная сва́рка — resistance welding
    конта́ктная сва́рка запасё́нной эне́ргией — stored-energy [energy-storage] resistance welding
    конта́ктная, индукцио́нная сва́рка — induction resistance welding
    конта́ктная, конденса́торная сва́рка — capacitor stored-energy [capacitance energy-storage] resistance welding
    конта́ктная сва́рка оплавле́нием с оса́дкой под то́ком — flash-upset resistance welding
    конта́ктная, релье́фная сва́рка — projection resistance welding
    конта́ктная, ро́ликовая сва́рка — seam resistance welding
    конта́ктная, ро́ликовая сва́рка встык с накла́дкой — bridge resistance welding
    конта́ктная, ро́ликовая сва́рка продо́льным швом — longitudinal seam resistance welding
    конта́ктная, стыкова́я сва́рка — butt resistance welding
    конта́ктная, стыкова́я сва́рка оплавле́нием — flash-butt resistance welding
    конта́ктная, стыкова́я сва́рка сопротивле́нием — upset butt resistance welding
    конта́ктная, то́чечная сва́рка — resistance spot welding
    конта́ктная, то́чечная односторо́нняя сва́рка — indirect resistance welding
    конта́ктная, шо́вная сва́рка — seam resistance welding
    конта́ктная, шо́вная попере́чная сва́рка — circumferential seam resistance welding
    конта́ктная, шо́вная сва́рка с преры́вистым [ша́говым] перемеще́нием дета́лей — stitch resistance welding
    конта́ктная, шо́вная сва́рка встык с накла́дкой — bridge resistance welding
    конта́ктная, шовностыкова́я сва́рка — butt seam resistance welding
    кузне́чная сва́рка — forge [fire] welding
    кузне́чная сва́рка вви́лку — fork forge welding
    ла́зерная сва́рка — laser welding
    сва́рка ла́зерным лучо́м — laser welding
    сва́рка ле́вым спо́собом — forehand [forward, left-hand] welding
    лине́йная сва́рка — seam welding
    магни́тно-и́мпульсная сва́рка — magnetic-discharge welding
    металлодугова́я сва́рка — metallic arc welding
    многопостова́я сва́рка — multiple-operator welding
    многото́чечная сва́рка — multiple-spot welding
    многоэлектро́дная сва́рка — multi-electrode welding
    монта́жная сва́рка — erection [field] welding
    сва́рка на весу́ — unsupported welding
    сва́рка на переме́нном то́ке — a.c. welding
    сва́рка на подъё́м — uphill welding
    сва́рка на постоя́нном то́ке — d.c. welding
    сва́рка напрохо́д — single-pass welding
    сва́рка на спуск — downhill welding
    сва́рка неповоро́тных сты́ков — fixed [stationary] butt welding
    ни́жняя сва́рка — downhand [flat] welding
    обратноступе́нчатая сва́рка — back-step welding
    однопрохо́дная сва́рка — single-pass welding
    одното́чечная сва́рка — single-spot welding
    печна́я сва́рка ( в печах или горнах) — furnace pressure welding
    сва́рка плавле́нием — fusion welding
    сва́рка плавле́нием, терми́тная — fusion thermit welding
    пла́зменная сва́рка — plasma-arc [plasmajet] welding
    сва́рка пласти́ческим деформи́рованием — pressure welding
    сва́рка пластма́сс га́зовым теплоноси́телем — hot-gas welding, hot-gas (welding) process
    сва́рка пластма́сс, конта́ктная — hot-tool welding, hot-tool (welding) process
    сва́рка пластма́сс, ко́нтурная — frame [pattern] welding
    сва́рка пластма́сс нагре́тым инструме́нтом — hot-tool welding, hot-tool (welding) process
    сва́рка пластма́сс, ша́говая — step welding
    подво́дная сва́рка — underwater welding
    сва́рка под флю́сом — submerged arc welding
    порошко́вая сва́рка — powder welding
    потоло́чная сва́рка — overhead welding
    сва́рка пра́вым спо́собом — backhand [backward, right-hand] welding
    преры́вистая сва́рка — intermittent welding
    сва́рка прихва́точным швом — tack welding
    сва́рка продо́льным швом — longitudinal welding
    сва́рка прока́ткой — roll welding
    релье́фная сва́рка — projection welding
    ремо́нтная сва́рка — repair welding
    ро́ликовая сва́рка — seam welding
    сва́рка све́рху вниз — downward welding
    сва́рка с глубо́ким проплавле́нием — deep penetration welding
    сва́рка сжа́той дуго́й — plasma-jet welding
    сва́рка сни́зу вверх — upward welding
    сва́рка с разде́лкой кро́мок — bevel [groove] welding
    сва́рка тре́нием — friction welding
    сва́рка угловы́х швов — fillet welding
    у́гольно-дугова́я сва́рка — carbon arc welding
    уда́рная сва́рка — percussion [percussive] welding
    ультразвукова́я сва́рка — ultrasonic welding
    сва́рка ультразву́ком — ultrasonic welding
    холо́дная сва́рка — cold welding, cold bonding
    сва́рка ша́хматным швом — staggered intermittent welding
    электродугова́я сва́рка — electric arc welding
    сва́рка электрозаклё́пками — plug welding
    электроннолучева́я сва́рка — electron-beam welding
    электроннолучева́я сва́рка в пла́зме — plasma electron-beam [PEB] welding
    сва́рка электро́нным лучо́м — electrobeam welding
    электрошла́ковая сва́рка — electroslag welding
    * * *

    Русско-английский политехнический словарь > сварка

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